Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Bombina fortinuptialis Hu and Wu, 1978

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bombinatoridae > Genus: Bombina > Species: Bombina fortinuptialis

Bombina fortinuptialis Hu and Wu In Liu, Hu, Tian, and Wu, 1978, Mater. Herpetol. Res., 4: 18. Holotype: CIB 601750, by original designation. Type locality: Yangliuchong, Jinxiu, Yaoshan, Guangxi, altitude 1350 m, China.

Bombina fortinuptialis Tian and Wu In Hu, Tian, and Wu, 1981, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, 5 (17): 111. Holotype: CIB 601750, by original designation. Type locality: Yangliuchong, Jinxiu, Yaoshan, Guangxi, altitude 1350 m, China. Unnecessary second description.

Bombina (Glandula) fortinuptialis — Tian and Hu, 1985, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, Chengdu, N.S.,, 4 (3): 220.

Bombina (Grobina) fortinuptialis — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 97.

English Names

Guangxi Firebelly Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 38).

Large-spined Bell Toad (Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 58).

Distribution

Eastern Guangxi Province (Jinxiu, Longsheng, and Pingnan), China.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: China, People's Republic of

Endemic: China, People's Republic of

Comment

See redescription by Tian and Wu in Hu, Tian, and Wu, 1981, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, 5 (17): 111–120. Zhao and Adler, 1993, Herpetol. China: 115, discussed authorship. See brief account, map, and figure by Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 58–59. Zhang and Wen, 2000, Amph. Guangxi: 38, provided an account for Guangxi. Considered an allopatric population of Bombina maxima by Yu, Yang, Zhang, and Rao, 2007, J. Herpetol., 41: 365–377. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitats, and conservation status by Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 155. Zheng, Fu, and Li, 2009, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 52: 70–83, recognized Bombina microdeladigitora, Bombina lichuanensis, and Bombina fortinuptialis as separate species and provided molecular evidence consistent with this view. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 106–108, provided a brief account. Pabijan, Wandycz, Hofman, Węcek, Piwczyński, and Szymura, 2013, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 69: 63–74, questioned the distinctivness of Bombina microdeladigitora, Bombina lichuanensis, and Bombina fortinuptialis due to low mtDNA distances between those populations. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 126–134, provided an account, photograph, and map.

External links:

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For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For additional information specific to China see Amphibia China
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.