Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Guibemantis liber (Peracca, 1893)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Mantellidae > Subfamily: Mantellinae > Genus: Guibemantis > Species: Guibemantis liber

Rhacophorus liber Peracca, 1893, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Univ. Torino, 8 (156): 14. Syntypes: MZUT An86 (13 specimens), according to Gavetti and Andreone, 1993, Cat. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat., Torino, 10: 107), MNHNP 1894.3, and BMNH 1947.2.8.63–64 (formerly 1894.6.4.7–9), according to Guibé, 1978, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 11: 56); BMNH 1947.2.8.63 designated lectotype by Blommers-Schlösser, 1979, Beaufortia, 29: 47. (See discussion by Koppetsch, Pabijan, Hutter, Köhler, Gehring, Rakotoarison, Ratsoavina, Scherz, Vieites, Glaw, and Vences, 2023, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 73: 415.) Type locality: "dai dintorni di Andrangoloaka e dalla vicina valle dell'Umbi", Madagascar; given as Andrangoloaka, Madagascar, by Gavetti and Andreone, 1993, Cat. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat., Torino, 10: 107, note that at least one of these specimens noted by Blommers-Schlösser is not in the original type series.

Rhacophorus (Rhacophorus) liber — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 196.

Gephyromantis albogularis Guibé, 1947, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 2, 19: 151. Holotype: MNHNP 8146 by original designation. See discussion by Koppetsch, Pabijan, Hutter, Köhler, Gehring, Rakotoarison, Ratsoavina, Scherz, Vieites, Glaw, and Vences, 2023, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 73: 418. Type locality: "Madagascar, sans précision de localité". Synonymy by Blommers-Schlösser, 1979, Beaufortia, 29: 47; Glaw and Vences, 1992, Fieldguide Amph. Rept. Madagascar: 276; Lehtinen, Glaw, and Vences, 2011, Herpetol. J., 21: 109.

Rhacophorus (Boophis) liber — Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 53.

Gephyromantis variabilis Millot and Guibé, 1951, Mem. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Ser. A, 5: 204. Syntypes: MNHNP 1953 (19 specimens), according to Blommers-Schlösser, 1979, Beaufortia, 29: 47. MNHNP 1953.116 in error considered holotype by Blommers-Schlösser and Blanc, 1991, Faune de Madagascar, 75: 178. MNHNP 1953.117 designated lectotype by Koppetsch, Pabijan, Hutter, Köhler, Gehring, Rakotoarison, Ratsoavina, Scherz, Vieites, Glaw, and Vences, 2023, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 73: 419. Type localities: "Perinet" and "Itremo", Madagascar. Lectotype from Perinet ( = Andasibe), Madagascar. Synonymy by Blommers-Schlösser, 1979, Beaufortia, 29: 47; Glaw and Vences, 1992, Fieldguide Amph. Rept. Madagascar: 277. See comments by Lehtinen, Glaw, and Vences, 2011, Herpetol. J., 21: 110.

Gephyromantis liber — Guibé, 1975 "1974", Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 3, Zool., 266: 1761. Blommers-Schlösser, 1975, Beaufortia, 24: 15.

Mantidactylus liber — Blommers-Schlösser, 1979, Beaufortia, 29: 47.

Mantidactylus (Blommersia) liber — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 311.

Mantidactylus (Guibemantis) liber — Glaw and Vences, 1994, Fieldguide Amph. Rept. Madagascar, Ed. 2: 403.

Guibemantis (Pandanusicola) liber — Vences and Glaw, 2006, in Vences et al. (eds.), Calls Frogs Madagascar: 16; Glaw and Vences, 2006, Organisms Divers. Evol., 6: 246; by implication; Glaw and Vences, 2006, Organisms Divers. Evol., Electron. Suppl., 11(1): 2.

English Names

Free Madagascar Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 101).

Distribution

Northeast-central to southeast-central Madagascar from about Ambodisakoa in the north south to Manombo.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Madagascar

Endemic: Madagascar

Comment

Prior to the revision by Glaw and Vences, 2006, Organisms Divers. Evol., 6: 236–253, in the Mantidactylus (Blommersia) pulcher group of Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 311. Lehtinen, Nussbaum, Richards, Cannatella, and Vences, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 44: 1121–1129, suggested on the basis of molecular evidence that more than one species masquerades under this name. Vejarano, Thomas, and Vences, 2006, Zootaxa, 1329: 39–57, reported on larval morphology. Glaw and Vences, 2007, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Madagascar, Ed. 3: 204–205, provided an account and noted a similar unnamed species from southeast-central Madagascar. Rodriguez, Börner, Pabijan, Gehara, Haddad, and Vences, 2015, Evol. Ecol., 29: 765–785 (and supplemental data), reported on phylogeographic diversity and its causes. Koppetsch, Pabijan, Hutter, Köhler, Gehring, Rakotoarison, Ratsoavina, Scherz, Vieites, Glaw, and Vences, 2023, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 73: 397–432, reported on nomenclature, comparative morphology, advertisement call, and molecular markers as well as providing a dot map of genetically-confirmed records.

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.