Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Theloderma asperum (Boulenger, 1886)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Rhacophoridae > Subfamily: Rhacophorinae > Genus: Theloderma > Species: Theloderma asperum

Ixalus asper Boulenger, 1886, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1886: 415. Syntypes: BMNH 1947.2.6.18–19 (formerly 1886.4.16.2–3) according to Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 31, and museum records. Type locality: "Hill Garden, Larut, Perak, at an altitude of 3300 feet", Malaysia (Malaya).

Rhacophorus asperrimus Ahl, 1927, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1927: 32. Replacement name for Ixalus asper Boulenger, thought wrongly to be preoccupied by Rana aspera Boulenger, 1882 (= Mantidactylus aspera).

Philautus asper — Smith, 1930, Bull. Raffles Mus., 3: 116; Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1990, Key to Chinese Amph.: 178.

Rhacophorus (Philautus) asperrimus — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 53, 74.

Philautus asperrimus — Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 465–467.

Theloderma asperum — Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 519; Liem, 1970, Fieldiana, Zool., 57: 94.

Aquixalus asper — Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 2: 712. See comment under Philautus.

Theloderma (Theloderma) asperum — Poyarkov, Orlov, Moiseeva, Pawangkhanant, Ruangsuwan, Vassilieva, Galoyan, Nguyen, and Gogoleva, 2015, Russ. J. Herpetol., 22: 276.

Common Names

Hill Garden Bug-eyed Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 114).

Malayan Pied Warted Tree Frog (Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 444).

Larut Bug-eyed Frog (Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28 (3A): 63).

Pied Warty Treefrog (Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 46).

Distribution

Range known with any accuracy only from the type locality in Peninsular Malaysia with populations in Myanmar (Bago, Kachin, Rakhine, Shan, Yangon, and Tanintharyi), western, northern, and southeastern Thailand, Cambodia (Kampong Speu and Mondulkiri provinces), and Sumatra and Borneo bearing the name but likely representing unnamed species.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Malaysia, East (Sarawak and/or Sabah), Malaysia, West (Peninsular), Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam

Comment

See comments under Theloderma albopunctatus and Theloderma baibungense, with which some literature may be confused. Berry, 1975, Amph. Fauna Peninsular Malaysia: 90–91, provided an account (as Philautus asper) for West Malaysia. Leong and Lim, 2003, Raffles Bull. Zool., 51: 128–130, provided a record from Raub District, Pahang, West Malaysia, and described larval morphology. Neang and Holden, 2008, Field Guide Amph. Cambodia: 115, provided a photograph, brief account of identification, ecology, and range in Cambodia. Grismer, Chan, Grismer, Wood, and Ahmad, 2010, Russ. J. Herpetol., 17: 147–160, reported localities from the Banjaran Bintang Mountains, northwestern peninsular Malaysia. In the subgenus Theloderma, Theloderma asperum species group of Poyarkov, Orlov, Moiseeva, Pawangkhanant, Ruangsuwan, Vassilieva, Galoyan, Nguyen, and Gogoleva, 2015, Russ. J. Herpetol., 22: 276. Hecht, Pham, Nguyen, Nguyen, Bonkowski, and Ziegler, 2013, Biodiversity J., 4: 507–552, reported a record from Tay Yen Tu Nature Reserve, Bac Giang Province, northeastern Vietnam and Pham, An, Herbst, Bonkowski, Ziegler, and Nguyen, 2017, Bonn Zool. Bull., 66: 37–53, provided records for Cao Bang Province, Vietnam, along with observations on morphology and natural history but the assignment to species, although neither of these countries have been included as part of the range by subsequent authors. Chan-ard, Cota, and Makchai, 2011, Amph. E. Region Thailand: 90–91, provided a photograph and brief account for the Eastern Region of Thailand, and (p. 141), detailed the range in Thailand. Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 430–431, provided a brief account (description, photographs, habitat, and range) for Thailand (in Thai). Makchai, Chuaynkern, Safoowong, Chuachat, and Cota, 2020, Amph. N. Thailand: 444–445, provided photographs, a brief account for Thailand, and a range map. Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28 (3A): 63, suggested that Cambodia and Thailand populations require additional study but did not explain the source of this conjecture. Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 46, briefly discussed identification, habitat, and range in Myanmar.

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For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.