Rhinoderma darwinii Duméril and Bibron, 1841

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Rhinodermatidae > Genus: Rhinoderma > Species: Rhinoderma darwinii

Rhinoderma darwinii Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 6: 659. Holotype: MNHNP 4911, according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 34. Type locality: "Chili" (= Chile). Restricted to "Chile (Valdivia)" by Cei, 1962, Batr. Chile: 111.

Bombinator (Rhinoderma) DarwiniiSchlegel, 1858, Handl. Dierkd., 2: 59.

Rhinoderma darwinii var. lateralis Werner, 1898 "1897", Zool. Jahrb., Jena, Suppl., 4: 264. Types: Not stated, but presumably ZIUW or NHMW. Type locality: "Chile".

Rhinoderma darwinii var. unicolor Werner, 1898 "1897", Zool. Jahrb., Jena, Suppl., 4: 264. Types: Not stated, but presumably ZIUW or NHMW. Type locality: "Chile".

Rhinoderma darwinii var. picta Werner, 1898 "1897", Zool. Jahrb., Jena, Suppl., 4: 264. Types: Not stated, but presumably ZIUW or NHMW. Type locality: "Chile".

Rhinoderma darwinii var. angulata Werner, 1898 "1897", Zool. Jahrb., Jena, Suppl., 4: 265. Types: Not stated, but presumably ZIUW or NHMW. Type locality: "Chile".

English Names

Darwin's Toad (Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 106).

Darwin's Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 114).

Mouth-breeding Frog (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 135).

Distribution

Western slopes of the Andes, Central Valley, and coastal range, from Concepción Province to Aysén Province, Chile; adjacent Argentina in Lanín and Nahuel Huapi National Parks, Argentina, in very humid and Valdivian temperate forests, 50–1100 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Argentina, Chile

Comment

See account by Cei, 1962, Batr. Chile: 111–115, and Cei, 1980, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Monogr., 2: 213–215. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 541. Bourke, Busse, and Bakker, 2011, Herpetol. J., 21: 227–234, reported on sex differences in dorsal pattern and body coloration. See Lobos, Vidal-Maldonado, Correa-Quezada, Labra-Lillo, Díaz-Páez, Charrier, Rabanal, Díaz-Vidal, and Tala, 2013, Anf. Chile Conserv.: 1–104, for photograph, comments on conservation status, and range. Bourke, Busse, and Böhme, 2018, North-West. J. Zool., Romania, 14: 165–170, modeled the range and the expected effect of climate change. Serrano-Serrano, Penna, and Soto-Azat, 2020, Bioacoustics, 29: 522–589, reported on acoustics. Úbeda and Pastore, 2021, Bol. Chil. Herpetol., 8: 1–9, reported on the range, habitat, and conservation status in Argentina. 

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