Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Craugastor rearki (Taylor, 1952)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Craugastoridae > Genus: Craugastor > Species: Craugastor rearki

Microbatrachylus rearki Taylor, 1952, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 35: 678. Holotype: KU 31533, by original designation. Type locality: "Bataan [= Batan, Cantón de Matin, Provincia de Limón], Costa Rica". Type locality commented on by Savage, 1974, Rev. Biol. Tropical, 22: 78.

Eleutherodactylus rearki — Lynch, 1965, Nat. Hist. Misc., 182: 7.

Eleutherodactylus lauraster Savage, McCranie, and Espinal, 1996, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 109: 366. Holotype: USNM 344826, by original designation. Type locality: "Quebrada El Piñol (15° 07′ N, 86° 43′ W), Parque Nacional La Muralla, Departamento de Olancho, Honduras, elevation 1200 m". Synonymy by Arias, Crawford, Hertz, and Parra-Olea, 2025, PeerJ, 13(e18212): 24.

Eleutherodactylus (Craugastor) lauraster — Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 227.

Craugastor lauraster — Crawford and Smith, 2005, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 35: 551, by implication; Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 360.

Craugastor (Craugastor) lauraster — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 41.

Craugastor rearki — Arias, Crawford, Hertz, and Parra-Olea, 2025, PeerJ, 13(e18212): 24, removed from the synonymy of Craugastor bransfordii, where it had been placed by Savage and Emerson, 1970, Copeia, 1970: 623–644.

Common Names

None noted.

Distribution

Caribbean versant of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras, 40–1200 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua

Comment

See comment under Craugastor bransfordii for pertinent literature prior to the resurrection of this species from that synonymy by Arias, Crawford, Hertz, and Parra-Olea, 2025, PeerJ, 13(e18212): 24, who reported on the molecular phylogenetics of the Craugastor podiciferus group. In the Craugastor podiciferus group, Craugastor stejnegerianus clade of Arias, Crawford, Hertz, and Parra-Olea, 2025, PeerJ, 13(e18212): 1–33, who reported on the molecular phylogenetics of the species group and provided a dot map of the distribution.

The older comment associated with Craugastor lauraster (now in synonymy) may provide access to useful literature: In the Eleutherodactylus rhodopis group according to the original publication. In the Eleutherodactylus (Craugastor) rhodopis group of Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 227. Köhler, 1999, Cour. Forschungsinst. Senckenb., 213: 27, mapped the Nicaraguan range. McCranie and Wilson, 2002, Amph. Honduras: 403-406, provided an account. McCranie, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 37, summarized the departmental distribution in Honduras. In the Craugastor rhodopis species series, Craugastor podiciferus species group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 41, and of Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 123. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 305. Travers, Townsend, Sunyer, Obando, Wilson, and Nickerson, 2011, Herpetol. Rev., 42: 399, noted a new locality in Nicaragua (Jinotega). Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 140–191, provided a key to the genera and species of Brachycephaloidea (= Craugastoridae, Eleutherodactylidae) in Central America and provided maps and photographs of the species, including this one. Sunyer, Obando, Rovito, and Papenfuss, 2015, Herpetol. Rev., 46: 376, extended the range to Rivas Province, southwestern Nicaragua. Martínez-Fonseca, Holmes, Sunyer, Westeen, Grundler, Cerda, Fernández-Mena, Loza-Molina, Monagan, Nondorf, Pandelis, and Rabosky, 2024, Check List, 20: 67, provided a record from Las Brisas del Mogotón, Nueva Segovia, Nicaragua.

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