Trachycephalus "vermiculatus" (Cope, 1877)

English Names

Milky Treefrog (Campbell, 1998, Amph. Rept. N. Guatemala Yucatan Belize: 83, as Phrynohyas venulosa).

Distribution

Lowlands of tropical Mexico, Central America (to 2500 m in Guatemala), to Chocoan Ecuador and likely into northern Venezuela in the Maracaibo region. See comment. 

Comment

See comment under Trachycephalus typhonius. Ron, Venegas, Ortega-Andrade, Gagliardi-Urrutia, and Salerno, 2016, ZooKeys, 630: 115–154, initiated the nomenclatural breakup of nominal Trachycephalus typhonius, which, at least for the moment, left populations west of the Andes to southern and eastern Mexico without a name(s), although it is abundantly clear that none of these populations will be conspecific with Trachycephalus typhonius. See Duellman, 1970, Monogr. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas: 163–172, Lee, 1996, Amph. Rept. Yucatan Peninsula: 101–104; Campbell, 1998, Amph. Rept. N. Guatemala Yucatan Belize: 83–84, and Lee, 2000, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Maya World: 107–109, for accounts, all as Phrynohyas venulosa.  Lips and Savage, 1996, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 109: 17–26, included this species (as Phrynohyas venulosa) in a key to the tadpoles found in Costa Rica. See accounts, as Phrynohyas venulosa, by Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 340–342, and McCranie and Wilson, 2002, Amph. Honduras: 281–285. Köhler, Veselý, and Greenbaum, 2005 "2006", Amph. Rept. El Salvador: 39–40, provided an account (as Phrynohyas venulosa, and for El Salvador) and a color photograph. McCranie, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 39, detailed the departmental distribution in Honduras.  Ramírez-Valverde, Sarmiento-Rojas, Meza-Parral, and Martínez-Campo, 2009, Herpetol. Rev., 40: 447–448, as Trachycephalus venulosus, provided a record for Puebla, Mexico, and commented on the range.  Lemos-Espinal and Dixon, 2013, Amphibians and Reptiles of San Luis Potosí: 60–61, provided an account for San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 270–271, provided a brief summary of natural history and  provided a range map and photograph for this species (as Trachycephalus venulosus) in Central America. Sunyer, Martínez-Fonseca, Salazar-Saavedra, Galindo-Uribe, and Obando, 2014, Mesoam. Herpetol., 1: 170, provided records for the departments of Carazo, León, and Río San Juan, Nicaragua. Lemos-Espinal and Smith, 2015, Check List, 11(1642): 1–11, noted the occurrence of the species in Hidalgo, Mexico, without providing a specific locality. Schulze, Jansen, and Köhler, 2015, Zootaxa, 4016: 51–53, described, diagnosed, and pictured the larva. Trachycephalus quadrangulum from Chocoan Ecuador may be conspecific with populations in western Colombia and even into Central America, although that is just conjecture at this point (DRF). Gómez-Hoyos, Herrera Molina, Arias Marín, Méndez-Arrieta, and Méndez-Arrieta, 2020, Rev. Latinoam. Herpetol., 3: 105–107, provided new records and a dot map for Costa Rica (as Trachycephalus typhonius). 

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

• For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
• For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
• To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
• For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.