Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Pelophylax caralitanus (Arikan, 1988)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Pelophylax > Species: Pelophylax caralitanus

Rana ridibunda caralitana Arikan, 1988, Istanbul Univ. Fen Fak. Biyoloji Der., 53: 82. Holotype: ZDEU 18.1982.11, by original designation. Type locality: "Beysehir Lake", Konya, Turkey.

Rana bedriagae caralitana — Jdeidi, Bilgin, and Kence, 2001, Turkish J. Zool., 25: 153-158.

Rana caralitana — Jdeidi, Bilgin, and Kence, 2001, J. Morphol., 248: 245.

Hylarana caralitana — Chen, Murphy, Lathrop, Ngo, Orlov, Ho, and Somorjai, 2005, Herpetol. J., 15: 237, by implication.

Pelophylax caralitanus — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 369. Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 1-13; by implication.

Pelophylax bedriagae caralitanus — Bülbül, Matsui, Kutrup, and Eto, 2011, Zool. Sci., Tokyo, 28: 935.

English Names

Beyşehir frog (Arısoy and Başkale, 2019, Herpetozoa, Wien, 32: 195).

Distribution

Southwestern Anatolia (Turkey) in the Lakes District, ranging from the Konya Plain to Denizli.

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Pelophylax bedriagae by Jdeidi, Bilgin, and Kence, 2001, J. Morphol., 248: 246, where it had been placed by Böhme and Wiedl, 1994, Zool. Middle East, 10: 39; Dubois and Ohler, 1996 "1994", Zool. Polon., 39: 178; Schneider and Sinsch, 1999, Z. Zool. Syst. Evolutionsforsch., 37: 57. Budak, Tok, and Ayaz, 2000, Turkish J. Zool., 24: 135-137, considered Rana ridibunda caralitana as part of Pelophylax ridibundus (as Rana) but did not note the revisionary literature placing this taxon in the synonymy of Pelophylax bedriagae. Jdeidi, Bilgin, and Kence, 2001, Turkish J. Zool., 25: 153-158, suggested that Rana bedriagae caralitana may be a distinct species. Tosunoglu, Ayaz, and Göçmen, 2005, Anadolu Univ. Bil. Teknol. Dergisi, 6: 55-59, discussed the morphometric distinctiveness of Pelophylax ridibundus caralitanus, but were agnostic on whether caralitana was conspecific with bedriagae or ridibundus. Bülbül, Matsui, Kutrup, and Eto, 2011, Zool. Sci., Tokyo, 28: 930-936, reported on mtDNA trees and suggested that pending resolution of the presence or scale of hybridization between Pelophyax bedriagae and Pedlophylax caralitanus that they be considered subspecies, although previous morphological work had considered them distinct species; these authors also noted an unnamed species that is likely the sister taxon of Pelophylax caralitanus + Pelophylax bedriagae in south-central Turkey and likely into adjacent Syria. See Dufresnes, 2019, Amph. Eur., N. Afr., & Middle East: 111, for brief summary of identifying morphology and biology, a range map, as well as a photograph. Kıraç, Gidiş, Mert, and Başkale, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 16 (e303): 76–85, reported on the alarming and pending habitat diminution due to climate change.

External links:

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For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
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To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist; for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.