Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Sylvirana Dubois, 1992

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Sylvirana

12 species

Sylvirana Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 326. Type species: Lymnodytes nigrovittatus Blyth, 1855, by original designation. Proposed as a subgenus of Rana.

Sylvirana — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 248; Oliver, Prendini, Kraus, and Raxworthy, 2015, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 90: 188. Recognition as a genus.

Boulengerana Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Herpetol. Sinica, 12: 21. Type species: Rana guentheri Boulenger, 1882. See comment under Ranidae record. Synonymy by Oliver, Prendini, Kraus, and Raxworthy, 2015, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 90: 188.

English Names

None noted.

Distribution

China, including Hainan Island, Taiwan, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh, and in northeast India in West Bengal.

Geographics occurrence

Natural resident: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, People's Republic of, Guam, India, Laos, Malaysia, Malaysia, West (Peninsular), Myanmar, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Hylarana by Oliver, Prendini, Kraus, and Raxworthy, 2015, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 90: 188, where it had been placed by Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 3. See comment under Hylarana for access to relevant revisionary literature. Sheridan and Stuart, 2018, PLoS One, 13(3: e0192766): 1–48, reported on the molecular phylogenetics of the species similar to Sylvirana nigrovittata of Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, and peninsular Malaysia. Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 423, recovered Sylvirana as polyphyletic, one species, Sylvirana guentheri as the sister taxon of Humerana miopus, and another group with Hylarana latouchii imbedded within it (and including the type species, Sylvirana nigrovittata). On this basis, and the general chaotic nature of hylaranine genera, these authors place Sylvirana into the synonymy of Hylarana.

Contained taxa (12 sp.):

Sylvirana annamitica Sheridan and Stuart, 2018

Sylvirana cubitalis (Smith, 1917)

Sylvirana faber (Ohler, Swan, and Daltry, 2002)

Sylvirana guentheri (Boulenger, 1882)

Sylvirana lacrima Sheridan and Stuart, 2018

Sylvirana malayana Sheridan and Stuart, 2018, PLoS One, 13(3: e0192766):

Sylvirana maosonensis (Bourret, 1937)

Sylvirana montosa Sheridan and Stuart, 2018

Sylvirana mortenseni (Boulenger, 1903)

Sylvirana nigrovittata (Blyth, 1856)

Sylvirana roberti Sheridan and Stuart, 2018

Sylvirana spinulosa (Smith, 1923)

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