Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Ingerophrynus galeatus (Günther, 1864)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Ingerophrynus > Species: Ingerophrynus galeatus

Bufo galeatus Günther, 1864, Rept. Brit. India: 421. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.21.13 (formerly 60.8.28.25) according to Inger, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 45. Type locality: "Gamboja" (= Cambodia).

Ingerophrynus galeatus — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 365.

Qianbufo galeatus — Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 596.

English Names

Gamboja Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 41).

Cambodia Toad (Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2009, Herpetofauna Vietnam: 71).

Bony-headed Toad (Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 130 [Hainan population now assigned to Ingerophrynus ledongensis).

Helmeted Toad (Hendrix, Böhme, and Ziegler, 2009, Herpetol. Notes, 2: 155).

Cambodian Toad (Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28 (3A): 20).

Distribution

Indochina (montane northern, central and southern Vietnam (Lao Cai, Thai Nguyen, Vinh Phuc, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Quang Binh, Thua Thien Hue, Quang Nam, Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Lam Dong, and Dong Nai provinces), montane Laos, northeastern Cambodia), 400 to 1060 m elevation; presumably to be found in adjacent Yunnan and/or Guangxi, China. See comment.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam

Likely/Controversially Present: China, People's Republic of

Comment

See brief account by Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 179–180. Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 130–131, provided a brief account, figure, and map. In the Bufo galeatus group according to Hu, Jiang, and Tian, 1984, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, Chengdu, N.S.,, 3 (1): 77–85. Dubois and Ohler, 1999, J. South Asian Nat. Hist., 4: 169, suggested provisional allocation to the Bufo asper group. Liu, Lathrop, Fu, Yang, and Murphy, 2000, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 14: 433, suggested that Ingerophrynus galeatus is the sister taxon of the Duttaphrynus melanostictus–Duttaphrynus himalayanus clade, but Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297, on the basis of more data placed it within Ingerophrynus. Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 17, provided specific localities for Vietnam. Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 148, provided a photograph. Stuart, Sok, and Neang, 2006, Raffles Bull. Zool., 54: 136–137, provided an account and record for eastern Cambodia. Stuart, 2005, Herpetol. Rev., 36: 475, provided records for Laos. Population on Hainan Island has now been named as Ingerophrynus ledongensis. Neang and Holden, 2008, Field Guide Amph. Cambodia: 51, provided a photograph, brief account of identification, ecology, and range in Cambodia. Hendrix, Böhme, and Ziegler, 2009, Herpetol. Notes, 2: 155–160, reported on tadpole morphology from a locality in the central highlands of Vietnam. Tran, Le, Le, Vu, Nguyen, Böhme, and Ziegler, 2010, Herpetol. Notes, 3: 111–119, provided a record from Quang Ngai Province, central Vietnam, and provided a brief morphological diagnosis. Hecht, Pham, Nguyen, Nguyen, Bonkowski, and Ziegler, 2013, Biodiversity J., 4: 507–552, reported a record from Tay Yen Tu Nature Reserve, Bac Giang Province, northeastern Vietnam and discussed the range. Manthey and Manthey, 2017, Sauria, Berlin, 39: 5, provided a photographs of an adult (as Ingerophrynus cf. galeatus) from Phou Asa, Xe Pian National Protect Area, Thailand. See account, photograph, and map in Vassilieva, Galoyan, Poyarkov, and Geissler, 2016, Photograph. Field Guide Amph. Rept. Lowland S. Vietnam: 59–60. Pham, Do, Ngo, Tran, Ziegler, and Nguyen, 2020, Check List, 16: 1025–1041, provided a record from Hai Ha District, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam, near the Guangxi, China, border. Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28 (3A): 20, suggested that specimens had been reported from China, but did not provide a specific locality. Duong and Ngo, 2022, Herpetol. Notes, 15: 751–762, discussed range in Vietnam in provided records for Dinh Binh Province.

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