Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Eleutherodactylus rufescens (Duellman and Dixon, 1959)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Eleutherodactylidae > Subfamily: Eleutherodactylinae > Genus: Eleutherodactylus > Species: Eleutherodactylus rufescens

Tomodactylus rufescens Duellman and Dixon, 1959, Texas J. Sci., 11: 78. Holotype: UMMZ 118509, by original designation. Type locality: "Dos Aguas, Michoacán, México, 6900 feet".

Syrrhophus nivicolimae Dixon and Webb, 1966, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 102: 1. Holotype: LACM 3200, by original designation. Type locality: "Nevado de Colima, six miles (airline) west of Atenquique, Jalisco, 7800 feet", Mexico. Synonymy by Grünwald, Reyes-Velasco, Franz-Chávez, Morales-Flores, Ahumada-Carrillo, Jones, and Boissinot, 2018, Mesoam. Herpetol., 5: 54.

Eleutherodactylus (Syrrhophus) nivicolimae — Hedges, 1989, in Woods (ed.), Biogeograph. W. Indies: 318–319; Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2.

Eleutherodactylus (Syrrhophus) rufescens — Hedges, 1989, in Woods (ed.), Biogeograph. W. Indies: 318–319; Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2.

Eleutherodactylus (Syrrhophus) nivocolimae — Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 229. Incorrect subsequent spelling of the species name.

Syrrhophus nivicolimae — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 362.

Syrrhophus rufescens — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 362.

Common Names

Red Peeping Frog (Liner, 1994, Herpetol. Circ., 23: 21; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 79; Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 25: Grünwald, Reyes-Velasco, Franz-Chávez, Morales-Flores, Ahumada-Carrillo, Jones, and Boissinot, 2018, Mesoam. Herpetol., 5: 74).

Nevado de Colima Chirping Frog (Eleutherodactylus nivicolimae [no longer recognized]: Liner, 1994, Herpetol. Circ., 23: 20; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 77; Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 25).

Distribution

Extreme northern Colima, southeastern Jalisco, and southwestern Michoacán at moderate to high elevations (600–2400 m), Mexico.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Mexico

Endemic: Mexico

Comment

In the Eleutherodactylus (Syrrhopus) nitidus series of Hedges, 1989, in Woods (ed.), Biogeograph. W. Indies: 318–319 (although Eleutherodactylus nivicolimae was placed in the Eleutherodactylus (Syrrhophus) modestus group of the Eleutherodactylus longipes series). In the Eleutherodactylus (Syrrhophus) nitidus group, according to Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 231. In the Eleutherodactylus (Syrrhophus) longipes species series, Eleutherodactylus modestus species group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 91–92, and of Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 132. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 360 (Eleutherodactylus nivicolimae) and 376 (Eleutherodactylus flavescens). See account (as Syrrhophus nivicolimae) by Lynch, 1970, Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 20: 38–40. Reyes-Velasco, Hermosillo-López, Grünwald, and Avila-López, 2009, Herpetol. Rev., 40: 117–120, provided a record in Colima, Mexico. Quezada-Hipólito, Suazo-Ortuño, Alvarado-Díaz, Medina- Aguilar, and Pérez-Centurion, 2016, Acta Zool. Mexicana, N.S., 32: 192–194, provided a record for Michoacán, Mexico, and mapped the range. Grünwald, Reyes-Velasco, Franz-Chávez, Morales-Flores, Ahumada-Carrillo, Jones, and Boissinot, 2018, Mesoam. Herpetol., 5: 8–83, discussed the molecular phylogenetics, morphology, call, and mapped the species and made the synonymy of Eleutherodactylus nivicolimae. In the Eleutherodactylus (Syrrhophus) modestus clade of Hernández-Austria, García-Vázquez, Grünwald, and Parra-Olea, 2022, Syst. Biodiversity, 20 (1: 2014597): 1–20, who reported on molecular phylogenetics.

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To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.