Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Bufo torrenticola Matsui, 1976

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Bufo > Species: Bufo torrenticola

Bufo torrenticola Matsui, 1976, Contrib. Biol. Lab. Kyoto Univ., 25: 1. Holotype: OMNH Am 4202, by original designation. Type locality: "Shiokara-dani Valley, 1400 metres on Mt. Hidegatake, Ohdaigahara, Nara Prefecture, [Honshu I.], Japan".

Bufo japonicus torrenticola — Kawamura, Nishioka, and Ueda, 1980, Sci. Rep. Lab. Amph. Biol. Hiroshima Univ., 4: 12.

Bufo (Bufo) torrenticola — Dubois and Bour, 2010, Zootaxa, 2447: 24.

English Names

Honshu Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 43).

Japanese Stream Toad (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 41; Maeda and Matsui, 1990, Frogs Toads Japan, Ed. 2: 27; Goris and Maeda, 2004, Guide Amph. Rept. Japan" 54).

Distribution

Mountains of western Chubu District to Kinki District of central Honshu, Japan.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Japan

Endemic: Japan

Comment

In the Bufo bufo group and related to Bufo japonicus, according to the original publication. Kawamura, Nishioka, and Ueda, 1980, Sci. Rep. Lab. Amph. Biol. Hiroshima Univ., 4: 12, found no genetic isolation in laboratory hybridization between Bufo japonicus and Bufo torrenticola and considered Bufo torrenticola to be a subspecies of Bufo japonicus. However, both forms remain distinct in sympatry according to the original publication. Igawa, Kurabayashi, Nishioka, and Sumida, 2006, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 38: 250-260, found Bufo torrenticola to be phylogenetically imbedded within Bufo japonicus, on the basis of mtDNA evidence. See Matsui, 1984, Contrib. Biol. Lab. Kyoto Univ., 26: 209-428, for morphometric variation analysis and revision. Highton, 2000, in Bruce et al., Biol. Plethodontid Salamanders: 233-234, discussed the previously published evidence and supported the recognition of Bufo torrenticola as a species distinct from Bufo japonicus. See Maeda and Matsui, 1990, Frogs Toads Japan, Ed. 2: 23-27, for account. Goris and Maeda, 2004, Guide Amph. Rept. Japan: 54-56, provided an account, map, and photograph. Yamazaki, Kouketsu, Fukuda, Araki, and Nambu, 2008, J. Herpetol., 42: 427-436, documented introgression with Bufo japonicus formosus. Tanaka and Nishikawa, 2022, Curr. Herpetol., Kyoto, 41: 8–23, compared morphological larval development with that of Bufo japonicus formosus. Fukutani, Matsui, Tran, and Nishikawa, 2022, PeerJ, 10 (e13452): 1–27, found that Bufo japonicus mtDNA are paraphyletic with respect to this species and on this basis considered Bufo torrenticola to be a subspecies of Bufo japonicus, but Fukutani, Matsui, and Nishikawa, 2023, PeerJ, 11(e16302): 1–27, subsequently recognized the species as part of a report on hybrid zones of Bufo formosus and Bufo praetextatus.

External links:

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For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
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To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.