Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Ingerophrynus biporcatus (Gravenhorst, 1829)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Ingerophrynus > Species: Ingerophrynus biporcatus

Bufo biporcatus Gravenhorst, 1829, Delic. Mus. Zool. Vratislav., 1: 53. Types: Not designated, though presumably originally in the Breslau Museum. Type locality: "Java", Indonesia.

Docidophryne biporcata — Fitzinger, 1861 "1860", Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Phys. Math. Naturwiss. Kl., 42: 415.

Chilophryne biporcata — Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 14: 358.

Incilius biporcatus — Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 15: 50.

Bufo cavator Barbour, 1911, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 24: 21. Holotype: MCZ 2670, by original designation. Type locality: "Ampenan, Lombok Island", Indonesia. Synonymy by Dunn, 1928, Am. Mus. Novit., 315: 2; Church, 1960, Herpetologica, 16: 23-28.

Bufo biporcatus cavator — Dunn, 1928, Am. Mus. Novit., 315: 2.

Bufo biporcatus biporcatus — Dunn, 1928, Am. Mus. Novit., 315: 2. Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 228.

Ingerophrynus biporcatus — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 365.

Common Names

Crested Toad (Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 46-47).

Sunda Ridge-headed Toad (McKay, 2006, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Bali: 31).

Indonesian Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 40).

Distribution

Sumatra, Java, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Lombok, and Rote; introduced in Sulawesi; records from Thailand south to the range of this species are assignable to other named or unnamed related species.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Indonesia

Endemic: Indonesia

Introduced: Indonesia

Comment

Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 58-63, discussed subspecies now considered distinct species; see Ingerophrynus divergens and Ingerophrynus philippinicus. In the former Bufo biporcatus group of Inger, 1972, in Blair (ed.), Evol. Genus Bufo: 107. See identification table by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 26, to compare this species with others in the Sunda Shelf region. McKay, 2006, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Bali: 31-32, provided a brief account and photograph. Wanger, Motzke, Saleh, and Iskandar, 2011, Salamandra, 47: 17-29, reported the species from central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Reilly, Stubbs, Arida, Arifin, Bloch, Hamidy, Harmon, Hykin, Karin, Ramadhan, Iskandar, and McGuire, 2020, Herpetol. Rev., 51: 786, provided a record for Rote I. and Sumbawa I., Indonesia, and discussed the range. Badriah, Wahyuni, Usman, Mahrawi, Ratnasari, and Rifqiawati, 2022, Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, 13 (3): 1–8, reported specimens from Ujong Kulon National Park, extreme western Java, Indonesia. Kurniawan, Septiadi, Fathoni, and Kadafi, 2022, Trop. Life Sci. Res., 33: 97, reported the species from Nusa Kambangan I., south coast of Java, Indonesia. Krone, Karin, Frederick, Amini, Scarpetta, Hamidy, Anita, Riyanto, Arida, Laksono, Arifin, Bach, Bos, Jennings, Stubbs, Peterson, Shi, and McGuire, 2025, PeerJ, 13(e20024): 1–19, reported the species from Mount Katopasa, eastern peninsula, Sulawesi, Indonesia, at 296 m elevation.

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
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For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist