Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Mertensophryne lonnbergi (Andersson, 1911)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Mertensophryne > Species: Mertensophryne lonnbergi

Bufo lönnbergi Andersson, 1911, K. Svensk. Vetensk. Akad. Handl., 47: 35. Syntypes: BMNH 1911.7.7.4–5, MCZ 17804, and17830-31 (exchanged from NHRM according to Barbour and Loveridge, 1946, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 96: 83), and NHRM (3 specimens), according to Grandison, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 52 (28 specimens noted in original description—DRF). Type locality: "Kenia [Mt. Kenya region], . . . in waterfilled elephant-tracks, 2,500 m. above the sea" and "between Blue Post and Roiru river", Kenya.

Bufo lönnbergi lönnbergi — Loveridge, 1932, Occas. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 8: 49.

Bufo loennbergi — Grandison, 1972, Zool. Meded., Leiden, 47: 31. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Bufo lonnbergi — Grandison, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 52. Mandatory emendation.

Mertensophryne lonnbergi — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 365.

Common Names

Lonnbergs Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 42).

Lönnbergs Toad (Channing and Howell, 2006, Amph. E. Afr.: 82).

Lönnberg's Forest Toad (Channing and Rödel, 2019, Field Guide Frogs & Other Amph. Afr.: 88).

Distribution

Kenya Highlands east of the Rift Valley and on Mount Kenya, above 1800 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Kenya

Endemic: Kenya

Comment

In the Bufo lonnbergi group of Martin, 1972, in Blair (ed.), Evol. Genus Bufo: 62. In the Bufo taitanus complex of Tandy and Keith, 1972, in Blair (ed.), Evol. Genus Bufo: 156. See Grandison, 1972, Zool. Meded., Leiden, 47: 31-35, for synonymy and review (as Bufo lonnbergi). See comments under Mertensophryne chappuisi, Mertensophryne mocquardi, Mertensophryne nairobiensis, and Mertensophryne nyikae. Art. 32.5.2 (ICZN, 1999, Internatl. Code Zool. Nomencl., Ed. 4) restricts the exchange of ö for oe to German words; Lönnberg is Swedish. Channing and Howell, 2006, Amph. E. Afr.: 82-83, provided an account. See statement of geographic range, habitat, and conservation status (as Bufo lonnbergi) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 611. Wasonga and Channing, 2007, Salamandra, 43: 239-244, documented the larval synapomorphy in this species. Channing, Rödel, and Channing, 2012, Tadpoles of Africa: 145–147, reported on comparative tadpole morphology. Spawls, Wasonga, and Drewes, 2019, Amph. Kenya: 2, provided a range map for Kenya, photograph, and brief characterization. Channing and Rödel, 2019, Field Guide Frogs & Other Amph. Afr.: 88–89, provided a brief account, photograph, and range map.

External links:

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For access to general information see Wikipedia
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For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.