Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Poyntonophrynus fenoulheti (Hewitt and Methuen, 1912)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Poyntonophrynus > Species: Poyntonophrynus fenoulheti

Bufo fenoulheti Hewitt and Methuen, 1912, Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr., 3: 108. Syntypes: TMP 10877–78 (formerly 508–09) (Woodbush), AMG 1520 (now in PEM) (Newington); Poynton and Broadley, 1988, Ann. Natal Mus., 29: 466, reported in error that the holotype (actually a syntype) of this species is in the PEM (the former AMG specimen, presumably); PEM A 825 (former AMG 1520) formally designated lectotype by Conradie, Branch, and Watson, 2015, Zootaxa, 3936: 53. Type localities: "Newington, N.E. Transvaal" and "the Woodbush", Zoutpansberg District, Limpopo Province, Rep. South Africa. Lectotype from "Newington", now Limpopo Province, Rep. South Africa.

Bufo fenoulheti obtusum Hewitt, 1925, Rec. Albany Mus., 3: 363. Syntypes: TMP, by original designation. Conradie, Branch, and Watson, 2015, Zootaxa, 3936: 54, noted that one of the syntypes apparently had migrated to the PEM and they designated this specimen, PEM A824 (formerly AMG 1716) as lectotype. Type locality: "Bleskop, Rustenburg district", Limpopo Province, Rep. South Africa.

Bufo vertebralis albiventris Power, 1927, Trans. R. Soc. S. Afr., 14: 418. Syntypes: MMK (originally 8 specimens) and MCZ 15402 (on exchange from MMK according to Barbour and Loveridge, 1946, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 96: 85) and apparently at least two specimens in the PEM (formerly of AMG), now labeled PEM A826–27 according to Conradie, Branch, and Watson, 2015, Zootaxa, 3936: 58. Type locality: "Lobatsi", Botswana. Synonymy by Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 63.

Bufo fenoulheti rhodesianus Hewitt, 1932, Ann. Natal Mus., 7: 110. Syntypes: PEM, by original designation. PEM A9079 designated lectotype by Conradie, Branch, and Watson, 2015, Zootaxa, 3936: 54. Type locality: "on the far Driefontein, near Gwelo", Zimbabwe. Distinctiveness from Bufo fenoulheti fenoulheti rejected by Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 63.

Bufo vertebralis fenoulheti — Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 63.

Bufo dombensis fenoulheti — Mertens, 1971, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 529: 12.

Bufo fenoulheti fenoulheti — Poynton and Broadley, 1988, Ann. Natal Mus., 29: 466.

Poyntonophrynus fenoulheti — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 365.

English Names

Transvaal Dwarf Toad (Pienaar, 1963, Koedoe, 6: 79).

Transvaal Pigmy Toad (Wager, 1965, Frogs S. Afr.: 116).

Newington Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 41).

Fenoulhet's Toad (Channing, 2001, Amph. Cent. S. Afr.: 66).

Fenoulheti's Pygmy Toad (Bufo fenoulheti fenoulheti: Lambiris, 1990 "1989", Monogr. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino, 10: 61).

Northern Pygmy Toad (Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 164).

Distribution

Northeastern South Africa, Eswatini, Zimbabwe, western and southern Mozambique, southwestern Zambia, Zimbabwe, and eastern Botswana through the Caprivi Strip into northeastern Namibia (and presumably into adjacent southeastern Angola) in open bush and grassland and on granite inselbergs.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Botswana, Eswatini, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Likely/Controversially Present: Angola

Comment

Considered by Tandy and Keith, 1972, in Blair (ed.), Evol. Genus Bufo: 159, to be a member of the Bufo vertebralis complex, and (following Mertens, 1971, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 529: 11-12) a junior synonym of Bufo dombensis. See Poynton and Broadley, 1988, Ann. Natal Mus., 29: 466-472, for discussion of taxonomic history, geographic variation and subspecies. See also Channing, 2001, Amph. Cent. S. Afr.: 66-67, Bates, 2004, in Minter et al. (eds.), Atlas Frogs S. Afr. Lesotho and Swaziland: 61-62, Pickersgill, 2007, Frog Search: 550-551, and Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 164-165, for accounts. Baptista, Conradie, Vaz Pinto, and Branch, 2019, In Huntley, Russo, Lages, and Ferrand (eds.), Biodiversity in Angola: 256, suggested that this species probably extends into southeastern Angola adjacent to the Caprivi Strip of Namibia. Phaka, Netherlands, Kruger, and Du Preez, 2017, Bilingual Field Guide Frogs Zululand: 28, provided a photograph, Zululand regional map, and a brief account of life history and identification. Channing and Rödel, 2019, Field Guide Frogs & Other Amph. Afr.: 80–81, provided a brief account, photograph, and range map. Redelimited through the exclusion of Poyntonophrynus grindleyi and Poyntonophrynus jordani by Rödel, Becker, Buiswalelo, Conradie, and Channing, 2023, Salamandra, 59: 143–157, who compared morphology and molecular markers.

External links:

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To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.