Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Pseudobufo subasper Tschudi, 1838

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Pseudobufo > Species: Pseudobufo subasper

Pseudobufo subasper Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 49, 87. Syntypes: RMNH 2199, 2200, and 2216, according Gassó Miracle, van den Hoek Ostende, and Arntzen, 2007, Zootaxa, 1482: 53. Type locality: "Borneo".

Bufo subasper — Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 87. Alternative name noted as the jar label name for RMNH syntypes.

Bufo subasper — Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 6: 647.

Nectes pleurotaenia Bleeker, 1857, Natuurkd. Tijdschr. Nederl. Indie, 13: 475. Nomen nudum. Synonymy by Van Kampen, 1905, Zool. Jahrb., Jena, Abt. Syst., 22: 711; Boulenger, 1912, in Robinson (ed.), Vert. Fauna of the Malay Peninsula: 275; and Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 160.

Nectes subasper — Cope, 1865, Nat. Hist. Rev., N.S., 5: 103. Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 327.

Pseudobufo subasper — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 327.

Nectes (Pseudobufo) pleurotaenia — Fischer, 1885, Arch. Naturgesch., 51: 47.

Nectes sumatranus Werner, 1900, Zool. Jahrb., Jena, Abt. Syst., 13: 497. Holotype: Implied to be in NHMB, but NHMW 14851, according to Häupl and Tiedemann, 1978, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 2: 25, and Häupl, Tiedemann, and Grillitsch, 1994, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 9: 29 (likely in error); NHMB 1917 considered holotype by Forcart, 1946, Verh. Naturforsch. Ges. Basel, 57: 122 (but this is holotype of Nectes werneri—DRF). Type locality: "Urwald Djapura (Inneres von Indragiri)", Sumatra [Indonesia], according to Häupl, Tiedemann, and Grillitsch, 1994, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 9: 29. Synonymy by Van Kampen, 1905, Zool. Jahrb., Jena, Abt. Syst., 22: 711; Boulenger, 1912, in Robinson (ed.), Vert. Fauna of the Malay Peninsula: 275; Nieden, 1914, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1914: 370; Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 160; Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 113.

Nectes werneri Van Kampen, 1905, Zool. Jahrb., Jena, Abt. Syst., 22: 711. Holotype: NHMB 1917, according to Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 113. Type locality: "Sumatra"; given as "Indragiri, Sumatra", Indonesia by Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 113, who made the synonymy.

Pseudobufo werneri — Nieden, 1914, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1914: 369.

Common Names

False Toad (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 44; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 45).

Distribution

Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Indonesia, Malaysia, Malaysia, East (Sarawak and/or Sabah), Malaysia, West (Peninsular)

Comment

See accounts by Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 186-187, and Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 113-115. See also Berry, 1975, Amph. Fauna Peninsular Malaysia: 57. See brief account and photo by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 43.

External links:

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.