Rhinella achavali (Maneyro, Arrieta, and de Sá, 2004)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Rhinella > Species: Rhinella achavali

Bufo achavali Maneyro, Arrieta, and de Sá, 2004, J. Herpetol., 38: 161. Holotype: ZVCB 3779, by original designation. Type locality: "outskirts of Pueblo Valentines (33° 16′ S, 55° 07′ W), Departamento de Treinta ye Tres, Uruguay".

Chaunus achavali — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 364; Savage and Bolaños, 2009, Zootaxa, 2005: 4, by implication..

Rhinella achavali — Chaparro Auza, Pramuk, and Gluesenkamp, 2007, Herpetologica, 63: 211, by implication.

Common Names

None noted.

Distribution

Known only from the vicinity of small streams in the hills of Cuchilla de Haedo (north-central Uruguay on the Brazil line) and Cuchilla Grande in east-central Uruguay; throughout the hillis central part of Rio Grande do Sul to south-central Santa Catarina, Brazil. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil, Uruguay

Comment

In the Bufo marinus group, most similar to Bufo rufus, according to the original publication. Kwet, Di-Bernardo, and Maneyro, 2006, Iheringia, Zool., 96: 479–485, discussed the range, provided the first records for Brazil, and provided a key to distinguish this species from other members of the Rhinella marina group. Maneyro and Kwet, 2008, Stuttgart. Beit. Naturkd., Ser. A, Neue Ser., 1: 95–121, noted that the species is most similar to Rhinella rubescens and Rhinella arenarum. Vallinoto, Sequeira, Sodré, Bernardi, Sampaio, and Schneider, 2010, Zool. Scripta, 39: 128–140, reported on the molecular phylogenetics of the Rhinella marina group, including this species. Achaval and Olmos, 2003, Anf. Rept. Uruguay, ed. 2: 10, provided for the Uruguayan population a brief account and photograph (as Bufo arenarum). Vallinoto, Sequeira, Sodré, Bernardi, Sampaio, and Schneider, 2010, Zool. Scripta, 39: 128–140, and Maciel, Collevatti, Colli, and Schwartz, 2010, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 57: 787–797, reported on the molecular phylogenetics of the Rhinella marina group, including this species. Kolenc, Borteiro, Cotichelli, Baldo, Martínez-Debat, and Vera Candioti, 2013, J. Herpetol., 47: 599–606, reported on the karyotype and larval morphology. Saito, Kunz, and Ambrozio-Assis, 2016, Check List, 12 (3: 1887): 1–4, reported a specimen from Santa Catarina, Brazil, and mapped the range. See account by Maneyro, Langone, and Carreira, 2019, in Maneyro, Langone, and Carreira (eds.), Libro Rojo Anf. Rept. Uruguay: 93–96, for Uruguay. Vera Candioti, Grosso, Pereyra, Haad, Lescano, Siu-Ting, Aguilar, and Baldo, 2020, Herpetol. Monogr., 34: 116–130, reported on larval morphology. In the Rhinella marina clade, Rhinella marina group of Pereyra, Blotto, Baldo, Chaparro Auza, Ron, Elias-Costa, Iglesias, Venegas, Thomé, Ospina-Sarria, Maciel, Rada, Kolenc, Borteiro, Rivera-Correa, Rojas-Runjaic, Moravec, De la Riva, Wheeler, Castroviejo-Fisher, Grant, Haddad, and Faivovich, 2021, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 447: 1–156. Caseiro-Silva, Poester-Carvalho, and Loebmann, 2026, Herpetol. Conserv. Biol., 21: 120–131, discussed distribution and habitat in the Pampa region of extreme southern Brazil and Uruguay. Verrastro and Borges-Martins, 2025, Anf. Rept. Pampa, 2: 43, provided a brief account, photograph, and dot distribution map for the Pampa biome in Brazil (as well as adjacent areas of Uruguay).  

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