Rhinella beebei (Gallardo, 1965)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Rhinella > Species: Rhinella beebei

Bufo granulosus beebei Gallardo, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 134: 114. Holotype: AMNH 55774, by original designation. Type locality: "Churchill-Roosevelt Hwy, Trinidad, B.W.I." Synonym by Narvaes and Rodrigues, 2009, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 40: 43.

Bufo granulosus barbouri Gallardo, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 134: 115. Holotype: RMNH 10867, by original designation. Type locality: "Porlamar, Isla Margarita", Venezuela. Synonymy with Rhinella humboldti by Narvaes and Rodrigues, 2009, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 40: 72. Provisional synonymy here by implication of the biogeographical and distributional statements by Murphy, Angarita-Sierra, Downie, and Jowers, 2017, Salamandra, 53: 267–278. 

Bufo beebei — Rivero, Langone, and Prigioni, 1986, Comun. Zool. Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo, 11: 2.

Chaunus beebei — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 364; Savage and Bolaños, 2009, Zootaxa, 2005: 4, by implication.

Rhinella beebei — Chaparro, Pramuk, and Gluesenkamp, 2007, Herpetologica, 63: 211, by implication.

English Names

North Coastal Granular Toad (Hedges, Powell, Henderson, Hanson, and Murphy, 2019, Caribb. Herpetol., 67: 9). 

Distribution

Colombia east of the Andes and Venezuela north of the Orinoco to French Guiana; Trinidad. 

Comment

Rhinella beebei was elevated (as Bufo beebei) from subspecies status under Bufo granulosus by Rivero, Langone, and Prigioni, 1986, Comun. Zool. Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo, 11: 2. Kenny, 1969, Stud. Fauna Curaçao and other Caribb. Is., 29: 57-59, and Murphy, 1997, Amph. Rept. Trinidad Tobago: 57-58, provided accounts for Trinidad. Narvaes and Rodrigues, 2009, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 40: 1-73, revised the Rhinella granulosa group, provided an account for this species, and placed Rhinella beebei into the synonymy of Rhinella humboldti. Murphy, Angarita-Sierra, Downie, and Jowers, 2017, Salamandra, 53: 267–278, redelimited the species as comprised of populations east of the Andes formerly assigned to Rhinella humboldti.  Barrio-Amorós, 1999 "1998", Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 18: 8, commented on the state of knowledge in Venezuela (as Bufo granulosus humboldti) as did Barrio-Amorós, 1999 "1998", Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 18: 8, and Barrio-Amorós, 2004, Rev. Ecol. Latino Am., 9: 3, noted Venezuelan distribution and relevant literature. See account for Surinam population (as Rhinella granulosa) by Ouboter and Jairam, 2012, Amph. Suriname: 56-58. Ugueto and Rivas-Fuenmayor, 2010, Amph. Rep. Margarita Coche Cubagua: 66-68, provided an account for the population (as Rhinella humboldti) on the Venezuelan island of Margarita, but noted its morphological distinctiveness from the mainland population. Acosta-Galvis and Señaris, 2018, Vol. 6, Fauna Silvestre Escudo Guayanés: 86, noted the species in Guaviare and Vichada Provinces, Colombia. See Barrio-Amorós, Rojas-Runjaic, and Señaris, 2019, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 13 (1: e180): 15, for remarks on taxonomy, range, and literature. Señaris and Rojas-Runjaic, 2020, in Rull and Carnaval (eds.), Neotrop. Divers. Patterns Process.: 571–632, commented on range and conservation status in the Venezuelan Guayana. In the Rhinella marina clade, Rhinella granulosa group of Pereyra, Blotto, Baldo, Chaparro, Ron, Elias-Costa, Iglesias, Venegas, Thomé, Ospina-Sarria, Maciel, Rada, Kolenc, Borteiro, Rivera-Correa, Rojas-Runjaic, Moravec, De la Riva, Wheeler, Castroviejo-Fisher, Grant, Haddad, and Faivovich, 2021, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 447: 1–156.  

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