Rhinella hoogmoedi Caramaschi and Pombal, 2006

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Rhinella > Species: Rhinella hoogmoedi

Rhinella hoogmoedi Caramaschi and Pombal, 2006, Pap. Avulsos Zool., São Paulo, 46: 252. Holotype: MNRJ 40325, by original designation. Type locality: "Fazenda Santa Clara, Municipality of Canavieiras (15° 41′ S, 38° 57′ W, ca. 5 m in altitude), State of Bahia, Brazil".

Common Names

None noted.

Distribution

Atlantic forest of eastern Brazil of southern Bahia state in Brazil and is distributed in the Atlantic Forest south of the São Francisco River in southern Brazil. See comment regarding records from outside of this area. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil

Endemic: Brazil

Comment

 Oliveira, Weber, and Napoli, 2014, Herpetol. J., 24: 229–236, reported on larval morphology of the chondrocranium and hypobranchial apparatus. Bruschi, Sousa, Soares, Carvalho, Busin, Ficanha, Lima, Andrade, and Recco-Pimentel, 2019, Genet. Mol. Biol., 42: 445-451, reported on karyotype. Dubeux, Silva, Nascimento, Gonçalves, and Mott, 2019, Rev. Nordestina Zool., 12: 18–52, summarized the literature on larval morphology. See Dubeux, Nascimento, Lima, Magalhães, Silva, Gonçalves, Almeida, Correia, Garda, Mesquita, Rossa-Feres, and Mott, 2020, Biota Neotrop., 20 (2: e20180718): 1–24, for characterization and identification of larvae north of the Rio São Francisco in the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil; these populations likely assignable to Rhinella margaritifera according to Fouquet, Ferrão, Rodrigues, Werneck, Prates, Moraes, Hrbek, Chaparro, Lima, Perez, Pansonato, Carvalho, Almeida, Gordo, Farias, Milto, Roberto, Rojas-Zamora, Ron, Guerra Batista, Recoder, Camacho, Mamani, Rainha, and Ávila, 2024, Syst. Biodiversity, 22 (1, 2291086): Appendix 2, who also delimited Rhinella cf. hoogmoedi and noted evidence of hybridization with Rhinella exostosica  In the Rhinella margaritifera clade, Rhinella margaritifera group of Pereyra, Blotto, Baldo, Chaparro, Ron, Elias-Costa, Iglesias, Venegas, Thomé, Ospina-Sarria, Maciel, Rada, Kolenc, Borteiro, Rivera-Correa, Rojas-Runjaic, Moravec, De la Riva, Wheeler, Castroviejo-Fisher, Grant, Haddad, and Faivovich, 2021, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 447: 1–156. Fouquet, Ferrão, Rodrigues, Werneck, Prates, Moraes, Hrbek, Chaparro, Lima, Perez, Pansonato, Carvalho, Almeida, Gordo, Farias, Milto, Roberto, Rojas-Zamora, Ron, Guerra Batista, Recoder, Camacho, Mamani, Rainha, and Ávila, 2024, Syst. Biodiversity, 22 (1, 2291086): 1–19, Appendix 2, suggested that records of Rhinella hoogmoedi north of the São Francisco River in the states of Alagoas and Pernambuco, and in the Atlantic Forest enclaves in Ceará state, actually correspond to one of the species occurring westward; probably to Rhinella margaritifera once the group is formally revised, but currently assigned to Rhinella dapsilis); see this paper for additional complexities and ambiguities in the mtDNA and nuDNA datasets. 

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