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Rhinella humboldti (Gallardo, 1965)
Bufo granulosus humboldti Gallardo, 1965, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 134: 117. Holotype: MCZ 24882, by original designation. Type locality: "Gualanday, W. of Girardot, Dept. Tolima, Colombia".
Bufo humbolti — Rivas-Fuenmayor and Barrio-Amorós, 2005, Herpetol. Rev., 36: 205. Incorrect subsequent spelling and undiscussed taxonomic change.
Rhinella humboldti — Pramuk, Robertson, Sites, and Noonan, 2008, Global Ecol. Biogeograph., 17: 76; Narvaes and Rodrigues, 2009, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 40: 43.
English Names
Rivero's Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 40).
Distribution
Colombia in the Magdalena Valley north to the Caribbean and on the eastern side of the Andes in Casanare, Colombia.
Comment
Narvaes and Rodrigues, 2009, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 40: 1–73, revised the Rhinella granulosa group, provided an account for this species, and considered Rhinella beebei to be a synonym. Murphy, Angarita-Sierra, Downie, and Jowers, 2017, Salamandra, 53: 267–278, redelimited the species as comprised of populations east of the Andes formerly assigned to Rhinella humboldti. Avila-Pires, Hoogmoed, and Rocha, 2010, Bol. Mus. Parense Emilio Goeldi, Cienc. Nat., 5: 24, suggested that this taxon might not be distinct from some undisclosed member of the Rhinella granulosa group but did not provide any evidence beyond their difficulty in identifying animals. Acosta-Galvis, 2012, Biota Colomb., 13: 213–231, reported the species in the Departamento Sucre, northern Colombia, and briefly discussed habitat. Torres-Suárez and Vargas-Salinas, 2013, Zootaxa, 3702: 198–200, reported on the advertisement call. See account, photograph, and dot map for Colombia by Torres-Suárez and Vargas-Salinas, 2014, Catal. Anf. Rept. Colombia, Medellín, 2(2): 19–23, in the sense of including Rhinella beebei. Simon, Machado, and Marroig, 2016, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol. Sci., 283 (20161783): 1–10, reported on skull evolution within the Rhinella granulosa group and provided a dot map. Acosta-Galvis, 2017, Biota Colomb., 18: 282–315, reported the species from the Municipality of Yopal, Casanare Department, Colombia. In the Rhinella marina clade, Rhinella granulosa group of Pereyra, Blotto, Baldo, Chaparro, Ron, Elias-Costa, Iglesias, Venegas, Thomé, Ospina-Sarria, Maciel, Rada, Kolenc, Borteiro, Rivera-Correa, Rojas-Runjaic, Moravec, De la Riva, Wheeler, Castroviejo-Fisher, Grant, Haddad, and Faivovich, 2021, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 447: 1–156. Rivera, Prates, Caldwell, Rodrigues, and Fujita, 2022, Heredity, 130: 14–21, reported on mtDNA phylogenetics in the Rhinella granulosa group, including this species.
External links:
Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.
- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist
- For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.