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Rhinella proboscidea (Spix, 1824)
Bufo (Oxyrhynchus) proboscideus Spix, 1824, Animal. Nova Spec. Nov. Test. Ran. Brasil.: 52. Type(s): Not designated, although including animal figured on pl. 21, fig. 4 of the original publication. ZSM 1145/0 is holotype according to Hoogmoed and Gruber, 1983, Spixiana, München, Suppl., 9: 319-415, and Glaw and Franzen, 2006, Spixiana, München, 29: 162. Type locality: "flumen Solimoens" (= Rio Solimoes), Brazil.
Oxyrhynchus proboscideus — Fitzinger, 1826, Neue Class. Rept.: 39.
Rhinella proboscidea — Fitzinger, 1826, Neue Class. Rept.: 39.
Bufo (Rhinella) proboscideus — Cuvier, 1829, Regne Animal., Ed. 2, 2: 111, by implication.
Eurhina proboscideus — Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept.: 32.
Oxyrhynchus proboscideus — Jiménez de la Espada, 1875, Vert. Viaje Pacif. Verif. 1862–1865: 178.
Bufo proboscideus — Hoogmoed, 1986, in Rocek (ed.), Studies in Herpetol.: 147-150. Hoogmoed, 1990, in Peters and Hutterer (eds.), Vert. Tropics: 117-120.
Rhinella proboscidea — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 366.
English Names
None noted.
Distribution
Amazon river region from Peru to Manaus, Brazil; presumably in Amazonian Colombia and possibly in Amazonian Ecuador.
Comment
See discussion by Hoogmoed, 1986, in Rocek (ed.), Studies in Herpetol.: 147-150, and Hoogmoed, 1990, in Peters and Hutterer (eds.), Vert. Tropics: 117-120, who noted that this species was referred to erroneously as Bufo dapsilis by Zimmerman and Bogart, 1988, J. Herpetol., 22: 97-108, and who removed it from the synonymy of Rhinella margaritifera (referred to as Bufo typhonius), where it had been placed by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 315. Zimmerman and Bogart, 1984, Acta Amazonica, 14: 473–520, reported on vocalization. The diagnostic differences between this form and geographically proximate members of Rhinella are not well documented. See comment under Rhinella margaritifera. Bruschi, Sousa, Soares, Carvalho, Busin, Ficanha, Lima, Andrade, and Recco-Pimentel, 2019, Genet. Mol. Biol., 42: 445-451, reported on karyotype.
External links:
Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.
- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
- For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist; for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
- For additional information specific to Ecuador see FaunaWebEcuador: Anfibios del Ecuador
- For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.