Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Sclerophrys kerinyagae (Keith, 1968)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Sclerophrys > Species: Sclerophrys kerinyagae

Bufo kerinyagae Keith, 1968, Am. Mus. Novit., 2345: 4. Holotype: AMNH 75165, by original designation. Type locality: "On the Nanyuki-Isiolo road, 5 miles east-northeast of Nanyuki, at an elevation of 6400 feet on the north west slope of Mt. Kenya, Kenya".

Bufo kerinyagae kerinyagae — Hulselmans, 1977, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 91: 404.

Bufo kerinyagae ethiopicae Hulselmans, 1977, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 91: 404. Holotype: BMNH 1969.122, by original designation. Type locality: "Debra Markos (Ethiopia), 2500 m".

Amietophrynus kerinyagae — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 363.

Sclerophrys kerinyagae — Ohler and Dubois, 2016, PeerJ, 4(e1553): 9.

Common Names

Keith's Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 42).

Kerinyaga Toad (Channing and Howell, 2006, Amph. E. Afr.: 78).

Distribution

Discontinuous in montane grassland and forest-edge of central Ethiopia on both sides of the Rift Valley, the Kenya Highlands, Mount Elgon in southeastern Uganda, and at the rim of the Ngorongoro Crater in northern Tanzania.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda

Comment

In the Bufo latifrons complex. See comment under Bufo asmarae. See Tandy, Bogart, Largen, and Feener, 1985, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 20: 214-233, for account. Largen, 2001, Tropical Zool., 14: 314, noted that this species had been confused with Bufo asmarae. See Largen, 2001, Tropical Zool., 14: 315, for comments on habitat and distribution and note that some of the paratypes are representatives of Bufo asmarae. Channing and Howell, 2006, Amph. E. Afr.: 78-79, provided an account for East Africa. See account (as Bufo kerinyagae), photograph, and map by Largen and Spawls, 2010, Amph. Rept. Ethiopia Eritrea: 81-82. Spawls, Wasonga, and Drewes, 2019, Amph. Kenya: 10, provided a range map for Kenya, photograph, and brief characterization. Channing and Rödel, 2019, Field Guide Frogs & Other Amph. Afr.: 64–65, provided a brief account, photograph, and range map. Spawls, Mazuch, and Mohammad, 2023, Handb. Amph. Rept. NE Afr.: 40, provided an account addressing identification, natural history, conservation status, and range in Ethiopia, including a polygon map; these authors also suggested that the populations south of Ethiopia are separated by several hundred kilometers and the two allopatric range segments may be different species.

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.