Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Sclerophrys steindachneri (Pfeffer, 1893)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Sclerophrys > Species: Sclerophrys steindachneri

Bufo steindachneri Pfeffer, 1893, Jahrb. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst., 10: 103. Holotype: ZMH, presumed lost. Type locality: "Kihengo", Tanzania. The correctness of this type locality doubted by Pickersgill, 2007, Frog Search: 547.

Bufo incertus Scortecci, 1933, Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Milano, 72: 43. Holotype: MSNM 670, according to Conci, 1967, Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Milano, 106: 94; now MSNM Am 604 according to Blackburn and Scali, 2014, Herpetol. Monogr., 28: 26. Type locality: "Villagia Duca degli Abruzzi", Somalia. Synonymy by Tandy and Keith, 1972, in Blair (ed.), Evol. Genus Bufo: 158, and Lanza, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 158.

Amietophrynus steindachneri — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 363.

Sclerophrys steindachneri — Ohler and Dubois, 2016, PeerJ, 4(e1553): 9.

Common Names

Steindachner's Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 43).

Distribution

Humid grassland, wooded savanna, and cleared forest of northern eastern Nigeria, northern Cameroon, and southern Chad eastward through the Central African Republic, South Sudan (possibly into extreme southern Sudan), and northeastern D. R. Congo to southwestern Ethiopia, isolated record in west-central Kenya, and Uganda; apparently an allopatric population in coastal southern Somalia, Kenya, and northeastern Tanzania (see comment).

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Democratic Republic of the, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda

Comment

In the Bufo funereus group of Tandy and Keith, 1972, in Blair (ed.), Evol. Genus Bufo: 158. Confused in some literature with Bufo latifrons according to Lanza, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 158. See account by Inger, 1968, Explor. Parc Natl. Garamba, Miss. H. de Saeger, 52: 43. See Largen, 2001, Tropical Zool., 14: 324-325, for comments on distribution. Channing and Howell, 2006, Amph. E. Afr.: 92-93, provided an account for East Africa and considered all records west and south of Chad to belong to another species, presumably Amietophrynus latifrons. Pickersgill, 2007, Frog Search: 546-547, provided an account and suggested that the species is absent from Tanzania. See account (as Bufo steindachneri), photograph, and map for Ethiopia and Eritrea by Largen and Spawls, 2010, Amph. Rept. Ethiopia Eritrea: 95. Channing and Rödel, 2019, Field Guide Frogs & Other Amph. Afr.: 68–69, provided a brief account, photograph, and range map. Spawls, Wasonga, and Drewes, 2019, Amph. Kenya: 11, provided a range map for Kenya, photograph, and brief characterization. Spawls, Mazuch, and Mohammad, 2023, Handb. Amph. Rept. NE Afr.: 44–45, provided an account addressing identification, natural history, conservation status, and range in northeastern Africa, including a polygon map.

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.