Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Leptobrachium nigrops Berry and Hendrickson, 1963

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Megophryidae > Subfamily: Leptobrachiinae > Genus: Leptobrachium > Species: Leptobrachium nigrops

Leptobrachium nigrops Berry and Hendrickson, 1963, Copeia, 1963: 644. Holotype: FMNH 134719, by original designation. Type locality: "Singapore Catchment Area near Nee Soon Pumping Station, altitude 10-15 meters".

Megophrys nigrops — Gorham, 1966, Das Tierreich, 85: 21.

Leptobrachium nigrops — Marx, 1976, Fieldiana, Zool., 69: 57.

Leptobrachium (Leptobrachium) nigrops — Dubois, 1980, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 49: 476. Inger, 1983, in Rhodin and Miyata (eds.), Adv. Herpetol. Evol. Biol.: 16; Dubois and Ohler, 1998, Dumerilia, 4: 25; Delorme, Dubois, Grosjean, and Ohler, 2006, Alytes, 24: 12.

Common Names

Singapore Spadefoot Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 86).

Black-eyed Litter Frog (Lim and Lim, 1992, Guide Amph. Rept. Singapore: 21).

Distribution

Singapore and peninsular Thailand and West Malaysia.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Malaysia, West (Peninsular), Singapore, Thailand

Comment

Reviewed by Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 37–39. See Matsui, Nabhitabhata, and Panha, 1999, Japan. J. Herpetol., 18: 27, for Thailand record. See brief accounts by Berry, 1975, Amph. Fauna Peninsular Malaysia: 35, and Lim and Lim, 1992, Guide Amph. Rept. Singapore: 21. See brief account and photo by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 73–74. Manthey and Denzer, 2013, Sauria, Berlin, 35: 6–8, provided a brief account and photograph, covering adult and larval morphology, habitat, and range. Records from Borneo are now assigned to Leptobrachium ingeri and Leptobrachium kanowitense. In the Leptobrachium hasseltii complex of Al-Razi, Maria, and Poyarkov, 2021, J. Nat. Hist., London, 55: 85–114, who reported on molecular systematics. Figueroa, Low, and Lim, 2023, Zootaxa, 5287: 1–378, provided records, literature, and conservation status for Singapore. Fauzan, Farajallah, and Hamidy, 2023, Treubia, 50: 89–110, reported on morphological differentia among Indonesian species.

External links:

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For access to general information see Wikipedia
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For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist