Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Aphantophryne Fry, 1917

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Microhylidae > Subfamily: Asterophryinae > Genus: Aphantophryne

5 species

Aphantophryne Fry, 1917 "1916", Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 41: 772. Type species: Aphantophryne pansa Fry, 1917 "1916", by original designation.

Common Names

Guinea Frogs (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 87).

Distribution

Mountains of eastern New Guinea, east of Sentani, Papua, Indonesia, and Mt. Amungwiwa southwest of Wau, Morobe Province, Papua New Guiea, southeastward at least to Myola Guest House, Northern Province, northeast of Port Moresby; Mindanao, Philippines.

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Cophixalus by Zweifel and Parker, 1989, Am. Mus. Novit., 2954: 1-20 (where it had been placed by Zweifel, 1956, Am. Mus. Novit., 1766: 1-49, and Zweifel and Allison, 1982, Am. Mus. Novit., 2723: 1-14). Köhler and Günther, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 47: 353-365, suggested on the basis of molecular evidence that Aphantophryne is only distantly related to Cophixalus or any other asterophryine genus. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, in their molecular study, suggested that Aphantophryne is the sister taxon of a group composed of a number of species of Cophixalus and Oreophryne. Rivera, Kraus, Allison, and Butler, 2017, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 112: 1–11, suggested that Oreophryne was not monophyletic and transferred part of Oreophryne into Aphantophryne to obtain a monophyletic classification. These authors also noted 2 unnamed species of former Oreophryne that belong in Aphantophryne. Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 418, provided a tree of asterophryines that showed Aphantophryne imbedded within Cophixalus (which had its own problems). Due to this and other problems in the phylogenetics of asterophryines these authors place all asterophryine genera within Asterophrys (p. 462). See comment under Asterophryinae.

Contained taxa (5 sp.):

Aphantophryne minuta Zweifel and Parker, 1989

Aphantophryne nana (Brown and Alcala, 1967)

Aphantophryne pansa Fry, 1917

Aphantophryne parkeri (Loveridge, 1955)

Aphantophryne sabini Zweifel and Parker, 1989

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