Microhyla malcolmi Cochran, 1927

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Microhylidae > Subfamily: Microhylinae > Genus: Microhyla > Species: Microhyla malcolmi

Microhyla malcolmi Cochran, 1927, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 40: 182. Holotype: USNM 72172, by original designation. Type locality: "Pak Jong, Siam". 

Microhyla fowleri Taylor, 1934, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 86: 284. Holotype: ANSP 19903, by original designation. Type locality: "Chieng Mai, Siam [= Thailand]". Removed from the syonymy of Microhyla berdmorei by Dubois, 1987, Alytes, 6: 3, where it had been placed by Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 509, and Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 560. Subsequently regarded as a synonym by Matsui, 2011, Zootaxa, 2814: 33–49, although Poyarkov, Vassilieva, Orlov, Galoyan, Tran, Le, Kretova, and Geissler, 2014, Russ. J. Herpetol., 21: 89–148, cautioned that additional work was needed. Placed into the synonymy of Microhyla malcolmi by Trofimets, Dufresnes, Pawangkhanant, Bragin, Gorin, Hasan, Lalremsanga, Muin, Le, Nguyen, Suwannapoom, and Poyarkov, 2024, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 74: 616. 

Microhyla (Microhyla) fowleri — Dubois, 1987, Alytes, 6: 3.

Common Names

Malcolm's Narrow-mouthed Frog (Trofimets, Dufresnes, Pawangkhanant, Bragin, Gorin, Hasan, Lalremsanga, Muin, Le, Nguyen, Suwannapoom, and Poyarkov, 2024, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 74: 616). 

Fowler's Rice Frog (Microhyla fowleri [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 90).

Large Pygmy Frog (Microhyla fowleri [no longer recognized]:Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 292).

Distribution

China (extreme southern Yunnan Province: Jinghong, Mengla, and Mengyang counties), Vietnam (northwestern, central, and southern parts of the country), Laos (entire country), Cambodia (entire country), and Thailand (entire country). The southernmost record is known from Perlis State in Peninsular Malaysia; expected to occur in eastern Myanmar. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Cambodia, China, People's Republic of, Laos, Malaysia, Malaysia, West (Peninsular), Thailand, Vietnam

Likely/Controversially Present: Myanmar

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Microhyla berdmorei by Trofimets, Dufresnes, Pawangkhanant, Bragin, Gorin, Hasan, Lalremsanga, Muin, Le, Nguyen, Suwannapoom, and Poyarkov, 2024, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 74: 616, where it had been placed by Parker, 1928, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10, 2: 473–499. Trofimets, Dufresnes, Pawangkhanant, Bragin, Gorin, Hasan, Lalremsanga, Muin, Le, Nguyen, Suwannapoom, and Poyarkov, 2024, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 74: 595–641, revised the Microhyla berdmorei complex, on the basis of comparative adult and larval morphology, morphometrics, advertisement calls, and molecular markers, partitioning it into several species (i.e., Microhyla berdmorei (under a restricted definition), Microhyla malcolmi, Microhyla peninsularis, and Microhyla sundaica), requiring that literature of nominal "Microhyla berdmorei" prior to this revision be used with caution. 

 Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 560–563, provided an account (as Microhyla berdmorei, in the sense of what is now Microhyla malcolmi and Microhyla peninsularis. Heyer, 1971, Fieldiana, Zool., 58: 61–82, reported on the call (as Microhyla berdmorei) from Thailand. See Berry, 1975, Amph. Fauna Peninsular Malaysia: 118–119, for general account (as Microhyla berdmorei, but presumably applying to Microhyla sundaica, Microhyla malcolmi, and/or possibly Microhyla peninsularis). Stuart, 1999, in Duckworth et al. (eds.), Wildlife in Lao PDR: 49, commented in the range in Laos (as Microhyla berdmorei). Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 292–293, provided a brief account, figure, and map as Microhyla fowleri. Reported (as Microhyla berdmorei) for southwestern Cambodia by Ohler, Swan, and Daltry, 2002, Raffles Bull. Zool., 50: 465–481. Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 102–103, provided a very brief account (as Microhyla berdmorei), map for Thailand, and photograph. Teynié, David, Ohler, and Luanglath, 2004, Hamadryad, 29: 35, commented on its distribution in Laos (as Microhyla berdmorei). Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 44, provided (as Microhyla berdmorei) specific localities for Vietnam. Stuart, 2005, Herpetol. Rev., 36: 475–476, provided specific localities (as Microhyla berdmorei) for Laos. Stuart and Emmett, 2006, Fieldiana, Zool., N.S., 109: 6, provided (as Microhyla berdmorei) a record for the Cardamom Mountains, southwestern Cambodia. Neang and Holden, 2008, Field Guide Amph. Cambodia: 63, provided (as Microhyla berdmorei) a photograph, brief account of identification, ecology, and range in Cambodia. Yang, 2008, in Yang and Rao (ed.), Amph. Rept. Yunnan: 124, provided a brief account as Microhyla fowleri for Yunnan, China. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 2: 890–894, provided an account (as Microhyla fowleri), spot map for China, and assigned this species to their Microhyla butleri group. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 481, provided a brief account (as Microhyla fowleri) for China. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 567, provided an account as Microhyla fowleri, photographs, and a range map for China. Chan-ard, Cota, and Makchai, 2011, Amph. E. Region Thailand: 1312, detailed (as Microhyla berdmorei) the distribution in Thailand. Manthey and Denzer, 2014, Sauria, Berlin, 36: 3–21, provided a brief account (as Microhyla berdmorei) and noted a possibly unnamed species from Khao Yai, Thailand. See account (as Microhyla berdmorei), photograph, and map for Vietnam in Vassilieva, Galoyan, Poyarkov, and Geissler, 2016, Photograph. Field Guide Amph. Rept. Lowland S. Vietnam: 72–73. Do, Ngo, and Nguyen, 2017, Hue Univ. J. Sci: Nat. Sci., 126: 88–89, provided records (as Microhyla berdmorei) from Phu Yen Province, southern Vietnam, and commented on coloration, range, and ecology. Garg, Suyesh, Das, Jiang, Wijayathilaka, Amarasinghe, Alhadi, Vineeth, Aravind, Senevirathne, Meegaskumbura, and Biju, 2018 "2019", Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 69: 1–71, considered this (as Microhyla berdmorei) to be a member of the Microhyla berdmorei species group and they provided an account, noting that Microhyla fowleri may be distinct pending additional genetic sampling. See comments by Geissler, Hartmann, Ihlow, Neang, Seng, Wagner, and Böhme, 2019, Cambodian J. Nat. Hist., 2019: 40–63, on specimens (as Microhyla berdmorei) collected in Phnom Kulen National Park, northern Cambodia. Makchai, Chuaynkern, Safoowong, Chuachat, and Cota, 2020, Amph. N. Thailand: 116, provided a brief account, photographs, and a range map for Thailand. Firdaus, Ratih, Karima, Kusuma, and Suastika, 2018, Bioinform. Biomed. Res. J., 1: 1–6, reported (as Microhyla berdmorei, but presumably based on Microhyla sundaica, Microhyla malcolmi, and possibly Microhyla peninsularis) on the mtDNA phylogenetic relationships of the species of Microhyla within Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and peninsular Malaysia, placing this species Microhyla achatina + (Microhyla mantheyi + Microhyla borneensis + (Microhyla mantheyi + (Microhyla borneensis + Microhyla malang))). Mulcahy, Lee, Miller, Chand, Thura, and Zug, 2018, ZooKeys, 757: 95, provided (as Microhyla berdmorei) a record from Taninthary Division, southern Myanmar although the identification requires confirmation due to subsequent revision of this complex (see above). Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 222–223, provided a brief account, as Microhyla berdmorei but presumably addressing Microhyla malcolmi for the most part (photographs, habitat, and range) for Thailand (in Thai), although the peninsular records possibly include what is now Microhyla peninsularis. Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 30, briefly discussed (in the sense of applying to what is now Microhyla malcolmi and Microhyla peninsularis) identification, habitat, and range in Myanmar. Gorin, Scherz, Korost, and Poyarkov, 2021, Zoosyst. Evol., 97 : supplementary information, provided genetically-confirmed records (as Microhyla berdmorei) from Bangladesh, peninsular Malaysia (Selangor [now Microhyla peninsularis]), Sumatra [now Microhyla sundaica], Borneo (now Microhyla sundaica: Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia; Kalimantan, Indonesia), Thailand (now Microhyla peninsularis and/or Microhyla malcolmi: Suratthani and Phrae provinces), Vietnam (now Microhyla malcolmi: Tay Ninh, Lam Dong, and Kon Tum provinces), Laos (now Microhyla malcolmi: Khammouan). 

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