Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Microhyla rubra (Jerdon, 1853)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Microhylidae > Subfamily: Microhylinae > Genus: Microhyla > Species: Microhyla rubra

Engystoma rubrum Jerdon, 1853, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 22: 534. Type(s): Not stated, presumably originally in ZSIC although not reported in type lists; reported as lost by Jerdon, 1870, Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1870: 67. Type locality: "in the Carnatic near rivers, in sandy banks . . . also Ceylon", southern India and Sri Lanka.

Copea fulva Steindachner, 1864, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 14: 286. Syntypes: NHMW 16384. 1-2, according to Häupl and Tiedemann, 1978, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 2: 15, and Häupl, Tiedemann, and Grillitsch, 1994, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 9: 18. Type locality: "Brasilien", in error according to Parker, 1932, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 10, 10: 341, who made the synonymy.

Microhyla rubra — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 164.

Microhyla fulva — Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926, Arq. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 27: 156.

Microhyla (Diplopelma) rubra — Dubois, 1987, Alytes, 6: 4.

Common Names

Guangdong Rice Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 91).

Red Narrow-mouthed Frog (Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 64; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 56).

Densely Spotted Microhylid Frog (Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 42).

Jerdon's Narrow-mouthed Frog (Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 68).

Red Chorus Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 8).

Distribution

India (confirmed only from Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra, possibly to Goa and through Telangana and Andhra Pradesh to West Bengal); records from Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, West Bengal, Myanmar, Nepal, Bangladesh, and China are doubtful (see comment).

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: India

Endemic: India

Comment

Courtship, amplexus, and advertisement call reported by Kanamadi, Hiremath, and Schneider, 1994, Curr. Sci., Bangalore, 66: 683–684. Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 61-62, provided relevant literature (but Sri Lankan localities are now referable to Microhyla mihintalei. Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 42, provided a brief account. Anders, 2002, in Schleich and Kästle (eds.), Amph. Rept. Nepal: 193-194, provided an account for a Kaloula species similar to Kaloula rubra in Nepal. Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 126-129, provided an account for peninsular India. Wogan, Vindum, Wilkinson, Koo, Slowinski, Win, Thin, Kyi, Oo, Lwin, and Shein, 2008, Hamadryad, 33: 84-86, provided the first record for Magwe Division, western Myanmar. Das and Dutta, 2007, Hamadryad, 31: 154–181, noted several larval descriptions in the literature of varying completeness. Mathew and Sen, 2010, Pict. Guide Amph. NE India: 68, provided a brief characterization and photographs. Sivaprasad, 2013, Common Amph. Kerala: 90–91, provided a brief account, photograph, and dot map for Kerala, India. Bowatte and Meegaskumbura, 2011, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 5: 22–32, reported on larval morphology and ecology. In the Microhyla rubra species group of Garg, Suyesh, Das, Jiang, Wijayathilaka, Amarasinghe, Alhadi, Vineeth, Aravind, Senevirathne, Meegaskumbura, and Biju, 2018 "2019", Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 69: 1–71, who noted that records from Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Myanmar, and Nepal are doubtful. Deuti, Sethy, and Ray, 2014, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 114: 124–125, provided a brief account for the population of the Eastern Ghats, India. Purkayastha, Khan, and Roychoudhury, 2020, in Roy et al. (eds.), Socio-economic and Eco-biological Dimensions in Resource use and Conservation, Environmental Science and Engineering: 225–233, provided a record for Rowa Wildlife Sanctuary, Tripura, India. Sreekumar and Dinesh, 2020, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 120: 33–40, discussed the range in Maharashtra, India, in terms of agro-climatic zones. Gorin, Solovyeva, Hasan, Okamiya, Karunarathna, Pawangkhanant, de Silva, Juthong, Milto, Nguyen, Suwannapoom, Haas, Bickford, Das, and Poyarkov, 2020, PeerJ, 8 (e9411): 1–47, placed this species in their Microhyla ornata group. Ganesh and Guptha, 2021, J. Anim. Diversity, 3(3): 28, provided records from the Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh, India. Zug, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 653: 32, briefly discussed identification, habitat, and range in Myanmar, but doubted the identification of these records. Srinivasulu and Kumar, 2022, J. Threatened Taxa, 14: 21268, reported the species from the state of Telangana, south-central India. Rabbe, Jaman, Alam, Rahman, and Sarker, 2022, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 16: 226–234, provided records for northwestern Bangladesh although these identifications are doubtful given the publication of Garg et al., 2018, above.

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.