Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Amolops jaunsari Ray, 1992

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Amolops > Species: Amolops jaunsari

Amolops jaunsari Ray, 1992, Indian J. Forestry, 15: 348. Holotype: ZSI-NRS A-196, by original designation and Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 69; given as ZSI-NRS A23 by Ray, 1999, Mem. Zool. Surv. India, 18: 24. Type locality: "India. Dehra Dun District, Chakrata, Uttar Pradesh; collected from Amlawa river, nearly 2 km upstream from Sahiya, 1800 m", northern India.

Amolops mahabharatensis Khatiwada, Shu, Wang, Zhao, Xie, and Jiang, 2020, Asian Herpetol. Res., 11: 78. Holotype: CDZMTU 0110, by original designation Type locality: "on boulder associated with subtropical degraded forest beside wide stream (about 5 m) on Hattibang, collected from Hugdi Khola (Khola refers to stream in Nepali) Hattibang, Chitwan district, Nepal, 27.7741048°N, 84.6944107°E; elevation 775 m a.s.l." Synonymy by Biju, Ellepola, Sarmah, Upadhyaya K., Bisht, Tajo, Hanken, and Garg, 2026, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 164: 1.

Common Names

Jaunsar Stream Frog (Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 64; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 69).

Jaunsar Cascade Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 10).

Mahabharat Torrent Frog (Amolops mahabharatensis [no longer recognized]: Khatiwada, Shu, Wang, Zhao, Xie, and Jiang, 2020, Asian Herpetol. Res., 11: 78).

Distribution

Known from five localities along the Himalayan foothills of Nepal (from east to west): (1) Barahakshetra, Sunsari District, 214 m; (2) Hattibang, Chitwan District, ca. 775 m; (3) Chitwan National Park, (4) Pokhara, Kaski District, ca. 1500 m; and (5) Latinath, Darchula District. Habitat is high-gradient streams under high canopies. Possibly extending on the east into Sikkim and on the west into Uttarakhand, India. Also reported from near Sahiya, Dehradun District, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: India, Nepal

Comment

Redescribed as new by Ray, 1999, Mem. Zool. Surv. India, 18: 24. Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 201, provided a brief account. Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 113, suggested that the species is closely related to Amolops afghanus. Das and Dutta, 2007, Hamadryad, 31: 154–181, noted no larval descriptions in the literature. In the Amolops marmoratus group of Jiang, Ren, Lyu, Wang, Wang, Lv, Wu, and Li, 2021, Zool. Res., Kunming, 42: 574–591. In the Amolops marmoratus group of Biju, Ellepola, Sarmah, Upadhyaya K., Bisht, Tajo, Hanken, and Garg, 2026, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 164: 1–144, who reported on the molecular and morphological phylogenetics of the group, with special reference to the species of India.

Comment from former Amolops mahabharatensis: In the Amolops marmoratus group, most closely related to Amolops nepalicus and Amolops panhai, according to a Bayesian estimate on the 16S gene, in the original publication. Nokhbatolfoghahai, Conway, Atherton, Budha, Jowers, and Downie, 2020, Salamandra, 56: 317–328, discussed larval morphologyof nominal Amolops mahabharatensis. Khatiwada, Wang, Zhao, Xie, and Jiang, 2021, Asian Herpetol. Res., 12: 1–35, discussed the genetics of the Nepal population. In the Amolops marmoratus group of Jiang, Ren, Lyu, Wang, Wang, Lv, Wu, and Li, 2021, Zool. Res., Kunming, 42: 574–591. Bhattarai, Gautam, Pokheral, and Kandel, 2025, J. Threatened Taxa, 17: 27594–27610, reported Amolops mahabharatensis from Chitwan National Park, southern Nepal. Bhattarai, Neupane, Gautam, Shrestha, Olson, Hogan, and Wright, 2026, J. Threatened Taxa, 18: 28807–28829, discussed the species in the protected areas of the Chitwan-Annapurna region of central Nepal.

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