Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Rana ulma Matsui, 2011

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ranidae > Genus: Rana > Species: Rana ulma

Rana ulma Matsui, 2011, Curr. Herpetol., Kyoto, 30: 115. Holotype: KUHE 28141, by original designation. Type locality: "Taiho, Ogimi-son, Okinawajima Is., Okinawa Prefecture, Japan (26° 39′ N, 128° 08′ E, 150 m asl)".

Rana (Rana) ulma — Yuan, Zhou, Chen, Poyarkov, Chen, Jang-Liaw, Chou, Matzke, Iizuka, Min, Kuzmin, Zhang, Cannatella, Hillis, and Che, 2016, Syst. Biol., 65: 835.

English Names

Okinawa Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 109 [based on Rana ulma, then thought to be Rana okinavana]).

Ryukyu Brown Frog (Maeda and Matsui, 1990, Frogs Toads Japan, Ed. 2: 55; Goris and Maeda, 2004, Guide Amph. Rept. Japan: 80 [based Rana ulma and Rana kobai, then thought to be Rana okinavana]).

Distribution

So far known only from Okinawajima Is. and Kumejima Is. of the Okinawa Island Group, Central Ryukyus, Japan.

Comment

Substantial genetic variation among populations is evident according to the original publication. Matsui, 2007, Zool. Sci., Tokyo, 24: 199-204, showed that this species, long misidentified as "Rana okinavana" (actually a senior synonym of Babina psaltes) was unnamed. Shibata and Matsui, 1985, Bull. Osaka Mus. Nat. Hist., 38: 1-4. Maeda and Matsui, 1990, Frogs Toads Japan, Ed. 2: 52-55, provided account as Rana okinavana. Sumida, Ueda, and Nishioka, 2003, Zool. Sci., Tokyo, 20: 567-580, reported on molecular phylogenetic relationships and reproductive incompatability of this species (as Rana okinavana) with other brown frogs in East Asia. Goris and Maeda, 2004, Guide Amph. Rept. Japan: 80-82, provided an account (as Rana okinavana), map, and photograph. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as Rana okinavana) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 509. See Rana kobai, which was confused with this species, as Rana okinavana, until recently.

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist; for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.