Philautus larutensis (Boulenger, 1900)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Rhacophoridae > Subfamily: Rhacophorinae > Genus: Philautus > Species: Philautus larutensis

Ixalus larutensis Boulenger, 1900, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, 6: 187. Syntypes: "several specimens" BMNH (including 1947.2.6.36–38 [formerly 1900.6.14.29-31], according to museum records) and MNM; BMNH 1947.2.6.36 designated lectotype by Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 36, and described on page 79-80. Type locality: "Larut Hills at 4000 to 4500 feet", Perak, Malaysia. 

Ixalus castanomerus Boulenger, 1905, J. Fed. Malay States Mus., 1: 39. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.26.88 (formerly 1905.1.28.8) according to Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 38. Type locality: "Bukit Kutu, Selangor, 3,500 feet", Malaya, Malaysia. Synonymy with Ixalus petersi by Smith, 1925, Sarawak Mus. J., 3: 10; with Ixalus larutensis by Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 112. 

Philautus castanomerus — Smith, 1922, J. Fed. Malay States Mus., 10: 280.

Philautus similis Van Kampen, 1923, Amph. Indo-Austral. Arch.: 273. Holotype: RMNH 5066 according to Inger, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 532. Type locality: "Sumatra (Mt. Talamau, 1200 m...)", Indonesia. Synonymy by Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 112. 

Philautus larutensis — Smith, 1930, Bull. Raffles Mus., 3: 115; Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 98.

Rhacophorus (Philautus) castanomerus — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 54, 84.

Rhacophorus (Philautus) larutensis — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 54, 86; Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 456.

Rhacophorus (Philautus) similis — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 55, 102.

Philautus (Philautus) similis — Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 43.

Philautus larutensis — Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 112.

English Names

Brown Bush Frog (Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 414).

Larut Shrub Frog (Poyarkov, Nguyen, Popov, Geissler, Pawangkhanant, Neang, Suwannapoom, and Orlov, 2021, Russ. J. Herpetol., 28 (3A): 58). 

Distribution

Extreme southern peninsular Thailand (Narathiwat Province), West Malaysia, and Borneo (East Malaysia and Indonesia); throughout Sumatra, Indonesia, 1169 to 1826 m elevation. Expected in Brunei. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Indonesia, Malaysia, Malaysia, East (Sarawak and/or Sabah), Malaysia, West (Peninsular), Thailand

Likely/Controversially Present: Brunei

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Philautus petersi by Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 98, where it had been placed by Smith, 1930, Bull. Raffles Mus., 3: 116; Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 455; and Dring, 1987, Amphibia-Reptilia, 8: 41. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status of nominal Philautus similis in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 533. See account by Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 112–116, who described the advertisement call. The following literature references Philautus petersi, but because that species is now restricted to Great Natuna Island, these accounts likely refer to Philautus larutensis: See brief account (as Philautus petersi) by Malkmus and Riede, 1996, Sauria, Berlin, 18: 27–37. See identification table (as Philautus petersi) by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 122–123, to compare this species to other rhacophorids of the Sunda Shelf region. Malkmus, Manthey, Vogel, Hoffmann, and Kosuch, 2002, Amph. Rept. Mount Kinabalu: 189, provided an account (as Philautus petersi). Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 150–151 (as Philautus petersi), provided a very brief account, map for Thailand, and photograph. Chan-ard, Cota, and Makchai, 2011, Amph. E. Region Thailand: 139, detailed the range in Thailand (as Philautus petersi). See brief account (as Philautus petersi) by Grismer, 2012, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Seribuat Arch.: 60–62, for the Seribuat Archipelago, West Malaysia. Sumarli, Grismer, Anuar, Muin, and Quah, 2015, Check List, 11(4, Art. 1679): 14 reported specimens (as Philautus petersi) from Lata Tembaka and Lata Belatan, Terregganu, West Malaysia, and briefly reported on their morphology and habitat. Niyomwan, Srisom, and Pawangkhanant, 2019, Field Guide Amph. Thailand: 414–415, provided a brief account (description, photographs, habitat, and range) for Thailand (in Thai).

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