Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Philautus larutensis (Boulenger, 1900)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Rhacophoridae > Subfamily: Rhacophorinae > Genus: Philautus > Species: Philautus larutensis

Ixalus larutensis Boulenger, 1900, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, 6: 187. Syntypes: "several specimens" BMNH and MNM; BMNH 1947.2.6.36 designated lectotype by Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 36, and described on page 79-80. Type locality: "Larut Hills at 4000 to 4500 feet", Perak, Malaysia.

Ixalus castanomerus Boulenger, 1905, J. Fed. Malay States Mus., 1: 39. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.26.88 (formerly 1905.1.28.8) according to Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 38. Type locality: "Bukit Kutu, Selangor, 3,500 feet", Malaya, Malaysia. Synonymy with Ixalus petersi by Smith, 1925, Sarawak Mus. J., 3: 10; with Ixalus larutensis by Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 112.

Philautus castanomerus — Smith, 1922, J. Fed. Malay States Mus., 10: 280.

Philautus similis Van Kampen, 1923, Amph. Indo-Austral. Arch.: 273. Holotype: RMNH 5066 according to Inger, 1985, In Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 532. Type locality: "Sumatra (Mt. Talamau, 1200 m...)", Indonesia. Synonymy by Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 112.

Philautus larutensis — Smith, 1930, Bull. Raffles Mus., 3: 115; Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 98.

Rhacophorus (Philautus) castanomerus — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 54, 84.

Rhacophorus (Philautus) larutensis — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 54, 86; Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 456.

Rhacophorus (Philautus) similis — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 55, 102.

Philautus (Philautus) similis — Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 43.

Philautus larutensis — Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 112.

English Names

Luzon Bubble-nest Frog (Philautus similis [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 112).

Distribution

Extreme southern Thailand, Malaya, and Borneo (Malaysia and Indonesia); throughout Sumatra, Indonesia, 1169 to 1826 m elevation.

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Philautus petersi by Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 98, where it had been placed by Smith, 1930, Bull. Raffles Mus., 3: 116; Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 455; and Dring, 1987, Amphibia-Reptilia, 8: 41. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status of nominal Philautus similis in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 533. See account by Wostl, Riyanto, Hamidy, Kurniawan, Smith, and Harvey, 2017, Herpetol. Monogr., 31: 112–116.

The following literature references Philautus petersi, but because that species is now restricted to Great Natuna Island, these accounts likely refer to Philautus larutensis: See brief account (as Philautus petersi) by Malkmus and Riede, 1996, Sauria, Berlin, 18: 27-37. See identification table (as Philautus petersi) by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 122-123, to compare this species to other rhacophorids of the Sunda Shelf region. Malkmus, Manthey, Vogel, Hoffmann, and Kosuch, 2002, Amph. Rept. Mount Kinabalu: 189, provided an account (as Philautus petersi). Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 150-151 (as Philautus petersi), provided a very brief account, map for Thailand, and photograph. See brief account (as Philautus petersi) by Grismer, 2012, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Seribuat Arch.: 60-62, for the Seribuat Archipelago, West Malaysia. Sumarli, Grismer, Anuar, Muin, and Quah, 2015, Check List, 11(4, Art. 1679): 14 reported specimens (as Philautus petersi) from Lata Tembaka and Lata Belatan, Terregganu, West Malaysia, and briefly reported on their morphology and habitat.

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