Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Rhinophrynus dorsalis Duméril and Bibron, 1841

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Rhinophrynidae > Genus: Rhinophrynus > Species: Rhinophrynus dorsalis

Rhinophrynus dorsalis Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 8: 758. Holotype: MNHNP 693, according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 17. By museum records now numbered as MNHNP 0.743. Type locality: "Vera-Cruz", Mexico.

Rhinophrynus rostratus Brocchi, 1877, Bull. Soc. Philomath., Paris, Ser. 7, 1: 196. Holotype: MNHNP 6335, according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 17. Type locality: "Tehuantepec, (Mexique)". Synonymy by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 329.

Rhinophryne rostratus — O'Shaughnessy, 1879, Zool. Rec., 14: 13.

English Names

Rhinophryne (Wood, 1863, Illust. Nat. Hist., 3: 175).

Burrowing Toad (Kellogg, 1932, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160: 26; Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 95; Lee, 2000, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Maya World: 53; Frost, McDiarmid, and Mendelson, 2008, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 37: 11; Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 22; Frost, McDiarmid, Mendelson, and Green, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 21; Frost, Lemmon, McDiarmid, and Mendelson, 2017, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 43: 20).

Mexican Burrowing Toad (Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 95; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 297; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 13; Liner, 1994, Herpetol. Circ., 23: 28; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 114; Lee, 1996, Amph. Rept. Yucatan Peninsula: 54; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 13; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 16; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 9).

Middle American Burrowing Toad (Campbell, 1998, Amph. Rept. N. Guatemala Yucatan Belize: 45).

Cone-nosed Frog (Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 183).

Distribution

From the mouth of the Río Balsas (Michoacán, Mexico) in the west and extreme southern Texas (USA) in the north along the coastal plains of Mexico and Guatemala to northern Honduras (Olancho Province), on the Caribbean versant, and through El Salvador and Nicaragua to northwestern Costa Rica on the Pacific versant; also in the Río Grijalva Valley of Chiapas (Mexico).

Comment

Reviewed by Fouquette, 1969, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept., 78: 1–2. See also accounts by Lee, 1996, Amph. Rept. Yucatan Peninsula: 54–56, Campbell, 1998, Amph. Rept. N. Guatemala Yucatan Belize: 45–46; Lee, 2000, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Maya World: 60–62; Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 183–184, and McCranie and Wilson, 2002, Amph. Honduras: 497–499. Köhler, Vesely, and Greenbaum, 2005 "2006", Amph. Rept. El Salvador: 70–71, provided an account (for El Salvador) and a color photograph. McCranie, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 38, summarized the departmental distribution in Honduras. Lemos-Espinal and Dixon, 2013, Amphibians and Reptiles of San Luis Potosí: 73–74, provided an account for San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Henrriquez-Aguilar and Townsend, 2013, Herpetol. Rev., 44: 622, provided a record for Olanco Province, Honduras, and commented on the range. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 296–297, provided a brief summary of natural history and provided a range map and photograph for this species. Fouquette, 2005, in Lannoo (ed.), Amph. Declines: 599–600, provided a detailed account that summarized the literature of biology, range, and conservation, particularly with reference to the USA component of the range. Sunyer, Martínez-Fonseca, Salazar-Saavedra, Galindo-Uribe, and Obando, 2014, Mesoam. Herpetol., 1: 174, provided a record for the department of Chinandega, Nicaragua. Elliot, Gerhardt, and Davidson, 2009, Frogs and Toads of N. Am.: 306–307, provided an account, photos, and advertisement call. Altig and McDiarmid, 2015, Handb. Larval Amph. US and Canada: 247–248, provided an account of larval morphology and biology. Lemos-Espinal and Dixon, 2016, Amph. Rept. Hidalgo: 397–398, provided a brief account and map for Hidalgo, Mexico.

External links:

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For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.