Bolitoglossa altamazonica (Cope, 1874)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Plethodontidae > Subfamily: Hemidactyliinae > Genus: Bolitoglossa > Species: Bolitoglossa altamazonica

Oedipus altamazonicus Cope, 1874, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 26: 120. Syntypes: ANSP or USNM, now lost or destroyed, according to Brame and Wake, 1963, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 69: 13. CRBIIAP AR001117, designated neotype by Cusi, Gagliardi-Urrutia, Brcko, Wake, and von May, 2020, Zootaxa, 4834: 390. Type locality: "Nauta", Departamento de Loreto, Peru. Neotype from "Allpahuayo Mishana National Reserve, San Juan Bautista district, Maynas province, Loreto department, Peru, 03.965° S, 73.421° W, 132 m a.s.l."

Geotriton altamazonicusSmith, 1877, Tailed Amph.: 77.

Spelerpes altamazonicusBoulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 71.

Oedipus altamazonicusDunn, 1926, Salamanders Fam. Plethodontidae: 396.

Bolitoglossa altamazonicaTaylor, 1944, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 30: 219; Ginés, 1959, Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle, 19: 100.

Bolitoglossa (Eladinea) altamazonicaParra-Olea, García-París, and Wake, 2004, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 81: 336.

English Names

Nauta Mushroomtongue Salamander (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 29).

Nauta Salamander (Cusi, Gagliardi-Urrutia, Brcko, Wake, and von May, 2020, Zootaxa, 4834: 389). 

Distribution

Known from five localities in terra firme and white-sand forest in northern Peru in the Departamento Loreto: (1) Nauta, (2) Sucusari River, (3) Allpahuayo Mishana National Reserve, (4) Lago Avispas and (5) Jenaro Herrera. Possibly Ucayali Department, Peru (see comment). See comment regarding misapplication of this name to many unnamed lineages.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Ecuador, Peru

Comment

In the Bolitoglossa (Eladinea) adspersa group of Parra-Olea, García-París, and Wake, 2004, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 81: 336; formerly in the Bolitoglossa altamazonica group of Wake and Lynch, 1976, Sci. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 25: 1–65. See account by Brame and Wake, 1963, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 69: 13. For comparison of morphometric and dentition characters of Bolitoglossa altamazonica, Bolitoglossa peruviana, Bolitoglossa caldwellae, Bolitoglossa paraensis, Bolitoglossa palmata, and Bolitoglossa awafun, see  Cusi, Gagliardi-Urrutia, Brcko, Wake, and von May, 2020, Zootaxa, 4834: Tables 6–7. Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham, and Gunnels, 2020, Herpetol. Notes, 13: 753–767, reported the species from the Santa Cruz Forest Reserve, Loreto, northeastern Peru. Gagliardi-Urrutia, García Dávila, Jaramillo-Martinez, Rojas-Padilla, Rios-Alva, Aguilar-Manihuari, Pérez-Peña, Castroviejo-Fisher, Simões, Estivals, Guillen Huaman, Castro Ruiz, Angulo Chávez, Mariac, Duponchelle, and Renno, 2022, Anf. Loreto: 198–199, provided a brief account, photograph, dot map, and genetic barcode for Loreto, Peru. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 727–730, provided an account summarizing systematics, misapplication of the name to unnamed lineages, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map). Tighe, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 654: 39, briefly discussed the former syntypes. Crnobrna, Santa-Cruz Farfan, Gallegos, López-Rojas, Llanqui, Panduro Pisco, and Kelsen Arbaiza, 2023, Check List, 19: 449, provided a record from Ucayali Department, central-eastern Peru, without referencing the taxonomic ambiguity in the application of this name. 

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