Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Eurycea longicauda (Green, 1818)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Plethodontidae > Subfamily: Hemidactyliinae > Genus: Eurycea > Species: Eurycea longicauda

Salamandra longicauda Green, 1818, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1: 351. Type(s): Not known to exist according to Dunn, 1926, Salamanders Fam. Plethodontidae: 321. Type locality: "in the state of New-jersey", USA; rendered as "New Jersey (probably near Princeton)" by Dunn, 1926, Salamanders Fam. Plethodontidae: 321; restricted by Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 53, to "vicinity of Princeton, New Jersey", USA. This restriction regarded as invalid by Fouquette and Dubois, 2014, Checklist N.A. Amph. Rept.: 133.

Salamandra longicaudata — Harlan, 1835, Med. Phys. Res.: 96. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Cylindrosoma longicauda — Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 58.

Salamandra longe-caudata — Troost, 1840, Geol. Rep. Tennessee: 40. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Plethodon (Saurocercus) longicauda — Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept.: 35.

Spelerpes longicauda — Baird, 1850 "1849", J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, 1: 287.

Cylindrosoma longicaudatum — Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 78.

Spelerpes longicaudus — Cope, 1861, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 13: 124.

Saurocercus longicauda — Fitzinger, 1864, Bilder Altas Wissenschaftl. Naturgesch. Amph.: pl. 97, fig. 179.

Geotriton longicauda — Garman, 1884, Bull. Essex Inst., 16: 39.

Eurycea longicauda — Stejneger and Barbour, 1917, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept.: 19.

Eurycea longicauda longicauda — Bailey, 1937, Occas. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, 364: 8.

Eurycea longicauda pernix Mittleman, 1942, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 21: 101. Holotype: MCZ 25569, by original designation. Type locality: "Jimmie Strahl Creek (tributary of Salt Creek), Brown County State Park, two and five tenths miles southeast of Nashville, Brown County, Indiana", USA.

Eurycea (Eurycea) longicauda longicauda — Raffaëlli, 2007, Les Urodèles du Monde: 187.

Eurycea (Eurycea) longicauda — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2012, Alytes, 28: 143.

Common Names

Long-tailed Triton (Eurycea longicauda: Yarrow, 1882, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 24: 22; Hay, 1892, Annu. Rep. Dept. Geol. Nat. Res. Indiana for 1891: 446).

Long-tailed Salamander (Eurycea longicauda: Green, 1818, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1: 351; Gray, 1831, in Cuvier, Animal Kingdom (Griffith), 9—Appendix: 107; De Kay, 1842, Zool. New York, 1(3): 76; Rhoads, 1895, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 47: 405; Fowler, 1907, Annu. Rep. N.J. State Mus. for 1906: 66; Brimley, 1907, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc., 23: 151; Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 53; Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 174; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 23; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 18; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 27; Powell, Conant, and Collins, 2016, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. North Am., 4th ed.: 56; Highton, Bonett, and Jockusch, 2017, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 43: 27).

Longtail Salamander (Eurycea longicauda: Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 6; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 31; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 7; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 12).

Long-tailed Salamander (Eurycea longicauda longicauda: Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 421; Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 53; Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 174; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 291; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 18).

Eastern Long-tailed Salamander (Eurycea longicauda longicauda: Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 27; Powell, Conant, and Collins, 2016, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. North Am., 4th ed.: 57; Highton, Bonett, and Jockusch, 2017, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 43: 27).

Longtail Salamander (Eurycea longicauda: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 31; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 6; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 23).

Longtail Salamander (Eurycea longicauda longicauda: Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 12).

Cave Salamander (Eurycea longicauda: Jordan, 1878, Man. Vert. North. U.S., Ed. 2: 193; Davis and Rice, 1883, Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., 1: 27).

Midland Long-tailed Salamander (Eurycea longicauda pernix: Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 54; Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 174).

Distribution

Southern New York and northern New Jersey southwestward through the Appalachian through Pennsylvania, Ohio, southern Indiana, eastern, and southern Illinois to southeastern Missouri, central and eastern Tennessee, northern Alabama, northeastern Mississippi, northwestern Georgia, extreme western North Carolina, western Virginia, and northern New Jersey, USA.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: United States of America, United States of America - Alabama, United States of America - Delaware, United States of America - Georgia, United States of America - Illinois, United States of America - Indiana, United States of America - Kansas, United States of America - Kentucky, United States of America - Maryland, United States of America - Missouri, United States of America - New Jersey, United States of America - New York, United States of America - North Carolina, United States of America - Ohio, United States of America - Pennsylvania, United States of America - Tennessee, United States of America - Virginia, United States of America - West Virginia

Endemic: United States of America

Comment

See account by Ireland, 1979, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept., 221: 1–4 (as including Eurycea guttolineata and Eurycea melanopleura). See Eurycea guttolineata and Eurycea melanopleura. Petranka, 1998, Salamand. U.S. Canada: 254–257, also provided a detailed account. Ryan and Conner, 2005, in Lannoo (ed.), Amph. Declines: 747–750, provided a detailed account that summarized the biology and conservation literature. Bonett, Steffen, Lambert, Wiens, and Chippindale, 2014 "2013", Evolution, 68: 473, recovered a molecular tree in which Eurycea longicauda longicauda is more closely related to Eurycea junaluska than to Eurycea longicauda melanopleura, suggesting that careful evaluation of the possibility that the two nominal subspecies are two species rather than sections of geographic variation of one species. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 248–249, provided brief accounts by subspecies, photographs, and map. Altig and McDiarmid, 2015, Handb. Larval Amph. US and Canada: 111–112, provided an account of larval morphology and biology. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 563–564, provided an account, summarizing systematics, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map), and on the basis of Bonett et al's (2013: 583) tree recognizes Eurycea melanopleura as a distinct species with a hybrid zone from southwestern Illinois to northeastern Arkansas. Tighe, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 654: 33, noted the current location of paratypes of Eurycea longicauda pernix.

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist