Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Pleurodeles Michahelles, 1830

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Salamandridae > Subfamily: Pleurodelinae > Genus: Pleurodeles

3 species

Pleurodeles Michahelles, 1830, Isis von Oken, 23: 191. Type species: Pleurodeles waltl Michahelles, 1830, by monotypy.

Bradybates Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 91. Type species: Bradybates ventricosus Tschudi, 1838, by monotypy (= Pleurodeles waltl Michahelles, 1830). Synonymy by Lataste, 1879, Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, Ser. 4, 3: 113–118.

Glossoliga Bonaparte, 1839, Iconograph. Fauna Ital., 2 (Fasc. 26): unnumbered. Type species: Triton poireti Gervais, 1835 by monotypy. Synonymy by Gray, 1850, Cat. Spec. Amph. Coll. Brit. Mus., Batr. Grad.: 18.

Bradytes Gistel, 1848, Naturgesch. Thierr.: xi. Replacement name for Bradybates Tschudi, 1838.

Glossolega — Cope, 1866, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, 6: 108. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Pleurodeles — Boulenger, 1878, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 3: 308. Treatment as a subgenus of Triturus.

Common Names

Ribbed Newts (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 35).

Distribution

Iberian peninsula of Spain and Portugal; Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria.

Comment

Risch, 1985, J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc., N.S.,, 4: 139–143, reviewed the Pleurodelinae and considered Tylototriton (sensu lato, as including Echinotriton) a subgenus of Pleurodeles, as did Dubois, 1982, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 16: 9–65, and Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 9–16 (who also placed Echinotriton as a subgenus of Pleurodeles). See comment under Echinotriton. Carranza and Arnold, 2004, Syst. Biodiversity, 1: 327–337, reported on DNA phylogeography of Pleurodeles poireti and Pleurodeles waltl, and suggested that Pleurodeles is the sister taxon of Tylototriton. North African populations revised and a cladogram presented for these by Carranza and Wade, 2004, Zootaxa, 488: 1–24. Weisrock, Papenfuss, Macey, Litvinchuk, Polymeni, Uğurtaş, Zhao, Jowkar, and Larson, 2006, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 41: 855–857, found Pleurodeles to be in a monophyletic group with Echinotriton and Tylototriton. Veith, Mayer, Samraoui, Donaire-Barroso, and Bogaerts, 2004, J. Biogeograph., 31: 159–171Veith, Mayer, Samraoui, Donaire-Barroso, and Bogaerts, 2004, J. Biogeograph., 31: 159–171, reported on molecular phylogeography and suggested that this taxon is composed of two very distinctive and allopatric lineages. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 178–180, provided brief accounts, photographs, and range maps. Sparreboom, 2014, Salamanders Old World: 304–310, reviewed the biology, characteristics, distribution, reproduction, and conservation of the species. Escoriza and Ben Hassine, 2017, Zootaxa, 4237: 587–592, compared the larval morphology of Pleurodeles nebulosus, Pleurodeles waltl, and Pleurodeles poireti. Channing and Rödel, 2019, Field Guide Frogs & Other Amph. Afr.: 36–37, provided brief accounts, photographs, and range maps for the species in Africa. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 265–271, provided species accounts, summarizing systematics, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map).

Contained taxa (3 sp.):

Pleurodeles nebulosus (Guichenot, 1850)

Pleurodeles poireti (Gervais, 1835)

Pleurodeles waltl Michahelles, 1830

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