Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
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Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
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Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
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Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Triturus pygmaeus (Wolterstorff, 1905)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Salamandridae > Subfamily: Pleurodelinae > Genus: Triturus > Species: Triturus pygmaeus

Triton marmoratus forma pygmaea Wolterstorff, 1905, C. R. Séances 6th Congr. Internatl. Zool., Berne, 1904: 260. Type(s): MM, destroyed in W.W.II, according to Brame, 1972, Checklist Living & Fossil Salamand. World (Unpubl. MS): 102. Type locality: "Südspanien, um Cadix und Algeciras"; restricted to "Cadiz, Südspanien [= southern Spain]" by Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 12.

Triturus marmoratus pygmaeus — Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 12.

Triturus pygmaeus — García-París, Arano, and Herrero, 2001, Rev. Esp. Herpetol., 15: 115.

Triturus (Pyronicia) pygmaeus — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 67.

English Names

Southern Marbled Newt (Steward, 1969, Tailed Amph. Eur.: 40; Arnold, 2002, Rept. Amph. Eur., Ed. 2: 42).

Pygmy Marbled Newt (Dufresnes, 2019, Amph. Eur., N. Afr., & Middle East: 141),

Distribution

Central-southwestern Spain and southern Portugal.

Comment

García-París, Arano, and Herrero, 2001, Rev. Esp. Herpetol., 15: 115-126, discussed the lack of intergradation with Triturus marmoratus and considered this population a distinct species. Arnold, 2002, Rept. Amph. Eur., Ed. 2: 42, provided a brief account, figure, and map. See account by Herrero, Montori, and Arano, 2003, in Grossenbacher and Thiesmeier (eds.), Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., 4(IIA): 543-553. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 136, provided a brief account, photo, and map. Espregueira Themudo and Arntzen, 2007, Herpetol. J., 17: 24-30, reported on genetic distinctiveness in parapatry with Triturus marmoratus. See statement of geographic range, habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 642-643. Wielstra and Arntzen, 2011, BMC Evol. Biol., 11(162): 1-8, reported ln the molecular phylogenetics of the species and its near relatives. Wielstra, Sillero, Vörös, and Arntzen, 2014, Amphibia-Reptilia, 35: 376-381, provided a dot map. Sparreboom, 2014, Salamanders Old World: 354–356, reviewed the biology, characteristics, distribution, reproduction, and conservation of the species. Arntzen, Wielstra, and Wallis, 2014, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 113: 604–622, reported on hybrid/contact zone with Triturus marmoratus. Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok, and Van Der Voort, 2016, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Brit. Eur.: 102–104, provided a brief account and distribution map. See Dufresnes, 2019, Amph. Eur., N. Afr., & Middle East: 141, for brief summary of identifying morphology and biology, a range map, as well as a photograph. Arntzen, López-Delgado, van Riemsdijk, and Wielstra, 2021, J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res., 59: 459–465, reported on evidence for a hybrid zone with Triturus marmoratus having moved 215 km in the Iberian Peninsula.

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist; for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.