Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Siren nettingi Goin, 1942

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Sirenidae > Genus: Siren > Species: Siren nettingi

Siren intermedia nettingi Goin, 1942, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 29: 211. Holotype: CM 7580, by original designation. Type locality: "Imboden, Lawrence County, Arkansas", USA.

Siren intermedia texana Goin, 1957, Herpetologica, 13: 37. Holotype: TCWC 10567, by original designation. Type locality: "Texas, Cameron County, seven miles north of Brownsville", USA. Distinctiveness from Siren intermedia nettingi challenged by Flores-Villela and Brandon, 1992, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 61: 289–291.

Siren texana — Dixon, 2000, Amph. Rept. Texas, Ed. 2: 51.

Siren nettingi — Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 41;

Siren texana — Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 41; Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 8.

Common Names

Texas Dwarf Siren (Siren intermedia nettingi: Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 461).

Netting's Dwarf Siren (Siren intermedia nettingi: Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 15),

Western Lesser Siren (Siren intermedia nettingi: Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 175; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 248; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 9; Liner, 1994, Herpetol. Circ., 23: 15; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 36; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 10; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 30; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 22; Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 35; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 16; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 31; Highton, Bonett, and Jockusch, 2017, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 43: 34).

Rio Grande Siren (Siren intermedia texana [no longer recognized]: Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 248).

Rio Grande Lesser Siren (Siren intermedia texana [no longer recognized]: Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 9; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 36).

Western Lesser Siren (Siren nettingi: Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 7).

Rio Grande Siren (Siren texana: Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 8).

Western Siren (Siren nettingi: Fedler, Enge, and Moler, 2023, Zootaxa, 5258: 368).

Distribution

East-central and southern Alabama then north in the drainage of the Mississippi River to eastern Missouri, central Illinois, western Indiana, western Kentucky, and western Tennessee; northeastern Tamaulipas (Mexico) north through East Texas to southeastern Oklahoma and central Arkansas; isolated populations in southwestern Michigan (USA) and central Tamaulipas to north-central Veracruz, Mexico.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Mexico, United States of America, United States of America - Alabama, United States of America - Arkansas, United States of America - Illinois, United States of America - Indiana, United States of America - Kentucky, United States of America - Louisiana, United States of America - Mississippi, United States of America - Missouri, United States of America - Oklahoma, United States of America - Tennessee, United States of America - Texas

Comment

See comment under Siren intermedia for access to literature for when this taxon was considered a synonym or conspecific with Siren intermedia. Fedler, Enge, and Moler, 2023, Zootaxa, 5258: 351–378, recognized Siren nettingi as a distinct species from Siren intermedia; these authors also suggested that further work may result in the recognition of Siren texana taxonomically. Tighe, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 654: 69, briefly discussed location of paratypes of nominal Siren intermedia nettingi and Siren intermedia texana.

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