Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Dermophiidae Taylor, 1969

Class: Amphibia > Order: Gymnophiona > Family: Dermophiidae

15 species

Dermophiinae Taylor, 1969, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 48: 610. Type genus: Dermophis Peters, 1880 "1879".

Dermophiidae — Laurent, 1986, in Grassé and Delsol (eds.), Traite de Zool., 14: 599; Wilkinson, San Mauro, Sherratt, and Gower, 2011, Zootaxa, 2874: 3.

Geotrypetoidae Lescure, Renous, and Gasc, 1986, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, 43: 162. Type genus: Geot rypetes Peters, 1880. Coined as an epifamily. Synonymy by Wilkinson, San Mauro, Sherratt, and Gower, 2011, Zootaxa, 2874: 3, 46.

Gymnopiilae Lescure, Renous, and Gasc, 1986, Mem. Soc. Zool. France, 43: 168. Type genus: Gymnopis Peters, 1874. Coined as an infrafamily. Synonymy by Wilkinson, San Mauro, Sherratt, and Gower, 2011, Zootaxa, 2874: 3.

Dermophiinia — Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 270. Infratribe.

Dermophiinoa — Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 270. Hypotribe.

Geotrypetinoa — Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 270. Hypotribe.

Common Names

Neotropical and Tropical African Caecilians (Vitt and Caldwell, 2014, Herpetology, 4th Ed.: 455).

Distribution

Southern Mexico through Central America to northwestern Colombia; tropical West Africa; Tanzania and Kenya.

Comment

Delimited and recognized by Wilkinson, San Mauro, Sherratt, and Gower, 2011, Zootaxa, 2874: 41–64, to include Dermophis, Geotrypetes, Gymnopis, and Schistometopum. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543–583 (see comment in Amphibia record) on the basis of molecular evidence confirmed the monophyly of Dermophiidae. Blackburn and Wake, 2011, In Zhang (ed.), Zootaxa, 3148: 39–55, briefly reviewed the taxonomic history of this taxon. San Mauro, Gower, Cotton, Zardoya, Wilkinson, and Massingham, 2012, Syst. Biol., 61: 661–674, suggested that Dermophiidae is the sister taxon of Siphonopidae. Maddin, Russell, and Anderson, 2012, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 166: 160–201, reported on the braincase of the family and confirmed the sister-taxon status of Dermophiidae and Siphonopidae. Vitt and Caldwell, 2014, Herpetology, 4th Ed., provided a summary of range, diagnosis, life history, and taxonomy. Frétey, Dewynter, and Blanc, 2011, Clé de détermination, Amph. Afri. Centr. Angola: 1–232, provided a key for identification in Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 1–738, treated Dermophiidae as a infratribe of a very enlarged Caeciliidae, although the need for this rank modification is unclear.

Contained taxa (15 sp.):

Dermophis Peters, 1880 (7 sp.)

Geotrypetes Peters, 1880 (3 sp.)

Gymnopis Peters, 1874 (2 sp.)

Schistometopum Parker, 1941 (3 sp.)

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