Discoglossus galganoi Capula, Nascetti, Lanza, Bullini, and Crespo, 1985

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Alytidae > Genus: Discoglossus > Species: Discoglossus galganoi

Discoglossus hispanicus Lataste, 1879, Act. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, Ser. 4, 3: 333. Syntypes: No. 113 (part of series), No. 114, No. 635, presumably in Lataste's personal collection which was deposited ultimately in the BMNH—DRF. Type locality: "Espagne" (= Spain). Synonymy with Discoglossus galganoi by Lanza, Nascetti, Capula, and Bullini, 1986, Bull. Soc. Herpetol. France, 40: 16, who incorrectly considered this name a nomen oblitum. Name inavailable for reason of being coined as a junior synonym of Discoglossus pictus; for discussion see Crochet and Dubois, 2006, Zootaxa, 1335: 51–53.

Discoglossus galganoi Capula, Nascetti, Lanza, Bullini, and Crespo, 1985, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 19: 72. Holotype: MZUF 15361, by original designation. Type locality: "Serra da Guarduna, 400 m a.s.l. (Beira Baixa, central Portugal)". Synonymy by Lanza, Nascetti, Capula, and Bullini, 1986, Bull. Soc. Herpetol. France, 40: 16.

Discoglossus galganoi galganoi — Nascetti, Capula, Lanza, and Bullini, 1986, Boll. Zool., Padua, 53: 57; Lanza, Nascetti, Capula, and Bullini, 1986, Bull. Soc. Herpetol. France, 40: 16; Capula and Corti, 1993, J. Zool., London, 231: 141–156; Zangari, Cimmaruta, and Nascetti, 2006, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 87: 527.

Discoglossus jeanneae Busack, 1986, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 55: 54. Holotype: CM 54657, by original designation. Type locality: "along highway C-440, 15 km ESE Alcalá de los Gazules, Cádiz Province, Spain".

Discoglossus galganoi jeanneae — Nascetti, Capula, Lanza, and Bullini, 1986, Boll. Zool., Padua, 53: 57. Lanza, Nascetti, Capula, and Bullini, 1986, Bull. Soc. Herpetol. France, 40: 16; Capula and Corti, 1993, J. Zool., London, 231: 141–156; Zangari, Cimmaruta, and Nascetti, 2006, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 87: 527; Pabijan, Crottini, Reckwell, Irisarri, Hauswaldt, and Vences, 2012, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 64: 690–696.

Discoglossus jeanneae — Real, Barbosa, Martínez-Solano, and García-París, 2005, Canad. J. Zool., 83: 536; García-París and Jockusch, 1999, J. Zool., London, 248: 209.

Common Names

Portugal Painted Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 51).

West Iberian Painted Frog (Discoglossus galganoi galganoi: Arnold, 2002, Rept. Amph. Eur., Ed. 2: 62).

East Iberian Painted Frog (Discoglossus galganoi jeanneae: Arnold, 2002, Rept. Amph. Eur., Ed. 2: 63).

Iberian Painted Frog (Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok, and Van Der Voort, 2016, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Brit. Eur.: 128). 

Distribution

Limestone and gypsum substrates in most of eastern Spain from the Strait of Gibraltar to the Pyrenees, as well as the granite and shale substrates of Portugal and western Spain.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Portugal, Spain

Comment

Veith and Martens, 1997, in Gasc et al. (eds.), Atlas Amph. Rept. Eur.: 100–101, discussed relevant literature and distribution. Capula and Corti, 1993, J. Zool., London, 231: 141–156, regarded Discoglossus jeanneae as conspecific. Nöllert and Nöllert, 1992, Die Amph. Eur.: 262264, provided an account and polygon map. García-París, 1997, in Pleguezuelos (ed.), Dist. Biogeogr. Anf. Rep. Esp. Portugal: 134–136, provided brief accounts and detailed map. Glaw and Vences, 1991, Amphibia-Reptilia, 12: 385–394, described and discussed the advertisement call. García-París and Jockusch, 1999, J. Zool., London, 248: 209–218, rejected a subspecific relationship of Discoglossus galganoi and Discoglossus jeanneae. Arnold, 2002, Rept. Amph. Eur., Ed. 2: 62–63, provided brief accounts, figure, and map (as Discoglossus jeanneae and Discoglossus galganoi). Real, Barbosa, Martínez-Solano, and García-París, 2005, Canad. J. Zool., 83: 536–545, addressed the status of Discoglossus galganoi and Discoglossus jeanneae, employ the cytb mtDNA gene and habitat/distribution modelling and considered the two units to be species. Zangari, Cimmaruta, and Nascetti, 2006, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 87: 515–536, suggested that Discoglossus galganoi and Discoglossus jeanneae were not especially differentiated and likely represented extremes of geographic variation, and treated the two taxa as subspecies. Velo-Antón, Martínez-Solano, and García-París, 2008, Amphibia-Reptilia, 29: 523–533, noted that existing evidence was consistent with either incomplete lineage sorting or ongoing gene flow between Discoglossus galganoi and Discoglossus jeanneae, but suggested that treatment as distinct species was the best course. Speybroeck, Beukema, and Crochet, 2010, Zootaxa, 2492: 6, regarded Discoglossus jeanneae a subspecies of Discoglossus galganoi on the basis of the same evidence. Pabijan, Crottini, Reckwell, Irisarri, Hauswaldt, and Vences, 2012, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 64: 690–696, discussed the evidence and concured with Speybroeck et al., 2010, considering a Discoglossus jeanneae a subspecies of Discoglossus galganoi, a concept to consistent with the concept of lineage-species (DRF). Vences, de Pous, Nicolas, Díaz-Rodríguez, Donaire-Barroso, Hugemann, Hauswaldt, Amat, Barnestein, Bogaerts, Bouazza, Carranza, Galán, González de la Vega, Joger, Lansari, El Mouden, Ohler, Sanuy, Slimani, and Tejedo, 2014, Amphibia-Reptilia, 35: 305–320, reported on molecular phylogenetics and presented data inconsistent with Discoglossus jeanneae being considered a different biological species than Discoglossus galganoi, but consistent with it being considered a different phylogenetic/evolutionary species. See Dufresnes, 2019, Amph. Eur., N. Afr., & Middle East: 37, for brief summary of range, identifying morphology, and biology as well as a photograph. Dufresnes, Pribille, Alard, Gonçalves, Amat, Crochet, Dubey, Perrin, Fumagalli, Vences, and Martínez-Solano, 2020, Heredity, 124: 423–438, reported on the intergrade zone of Discoglossus galganoi galganoi and Discoglossus galganoi jeanneae. Speybroeck, Beukema, Dufresnes, Fritz, Jablonski, Lymberakis, Martínez-Solano, Razzetti, Vamberger, Vences, Vörös, and Crochet, 2020, Amphibia-Reptilia, 41: 146, commented on taxonomy and the broad hybrid zone between former Discoglossus jeanneae and Discoglossus galganoi, treating them as subspecies.    

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