Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Leptopelis rufus Reichenow, 1874

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Arthroleptidae > Subfamily: Leptopelinae > Genus: Leptopelis > Species: Leptopelis rufus

Leptopelis rufus Reichenow, 1874, Arch. Naturgesch., 40: 291. Holotype: ZMB, lost, according to Perret, 1962, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 65: 238; MHNG 1324.65 designated neotype by Perret, 1973, Ann. Fac. Sci. Cameroun, 15–16: 88; now located and ZMB 8223 by museum records, which renders the neotype invalid. Type locality: "Walde bei Victoria [now Limbé], am Fusse der Camerunberge", Cameroon; neotype from Nkondjock, Cameroon.

Hylambates rufus — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 136.

Leptopelis rufus — Noble, 1924, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 49: 234, 332. Based on specimens of Leptopelis millsoni according to Laurent, 1941, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 35: 97); Ahl, 1929, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1929: 204.

Common Names

Red Treefrog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 69).

Distribution

Rainforests from southeastern-most Nigeria, western Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, western Gabon, and lower Rep. Congo to lower Dem. Rep. Congo; expected in Cabinda enclave of Angola.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the, Congo, Republic of the, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria

Likely/Controversially Present: Angola

Comment

Redefined by Perret, 1973, Ann. Fac. Sci. Cameroun, 15–16: 81-90. For a long time before its reassessment, this species was confused with several others, particularly Leptopelis palmatus. De la Riva, 1994, Rev. Esp. Herpetol., 8: 131, provided a record for Equatorial Guinea. Lasso, Rial, Castroviejo, and De la Riva, 2002, Graellsia, 58: 21-34, provided notes on ecological distribution in Equatorial Guinea. See account for Cameroon by Amiet, 2012, Rainettes Cameroun: 544-550. Channing, Rödel, and Channing, 2012, Tadpoles of Africa: 118, reported on comparative tadpole morphology. Schiøtz, 1999, Treefrogs Afr.: 256–257, provided an account and map. Barej, Pfalzgraff, Hirschfeld, Liedtke, Penner, Gonwouo, Dahmen, Grözinger, Schmitz, and Rödel, 2015, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 9(2, Spec. Section): 56–84, reported on larval morphology. Baptista, Conradie, Vaz Pinto, and Branch, 2019, In Huntley, Russo, Lages, and Ferrand (eds.), Biodiversity in Angola: 258, doubted that this species is found in Angola. Dewynter and Frétey, 2019, Cah. Fondation Biotope, 27: 15, summarized the literature for Gabon and provided a photograph (p. 50). Channing and Rödel, 2019, Field Guide Frogs & Other Amph. Afr.: 214–215, provided a brief account, photograph, and range map. See brief account, range map, and photographs for Equatorial Guinea in Sánchez-Vialas, Calvo-Revuelta, Castroviejo-Fisher, and De la Riva, 2020, Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 66: 137–230. Jaynes, Myers, Drewes, and Bell, 2021, Herpetol. J., 31: 162–169, reported on mtDNA, acoustic, and morphological differences from Leptopelis palmatus. Jaynes, Myers, Gvoždík, Blackburn, Portik, Greenbaum, Jongsma, Rödel, Badjedjea, Bamba-Kaya, Baptista, Akuboy, Ernst, Kouete, Kasumba, Masudi, McLaughlin, Nneji, Onadeko, Penner, Vaz Pinto, Stuart, Tobi, Zassi-Boulou, Leaché, Fujita, and Bell, 2022, Mol. Ecol., 31: 3979–3998, reported on molecular and morphological systematics, biogeography, and advertisement call.

External links:

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For access to general information see Wikipedia
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For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.