Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Craugastor ranoides (Cope, 1886)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Craugastoridae > Genus: Craugastor > Species: Craugastor ranoides

Lithodytes ranoides Cope, 1886, Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., 23: 275. Syntypes: USNM 14179 (4 specimens. including 1947.2.16.3–4 [formerly 1902.5.13.10 and 1902.5.12.12], others not located) according to Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 66, and museum records; USNM 14179A designated lectotype by Savage, 1975, Copeia, 1975: 272. Type locality: "Nicaragua"; restricted to between El Castillo and San Juan Norte, Departamento de Rio San Juan, Nicaragua, by Savage, 1975, Copeia, 1975: 275.

Liohyla ranoides — Cope, 1893, Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., 31: 335.

Liohyla pittieri Günther, 1900, Biol. Centr. Amer., Vol. 7, Rept. Batr., Part 156: 223. Syntypes: BMNH 1947.2.16.3–4 (originally 1902.5.13.10 and 1902.5.12.12) by museum records; BMNH 1947.2.16.13 designated lectotype by Savage, 1975, Copeia, 1975: 289. Type locality: "Costa Rica" and "Boruca", Costa Rica; restricted by Taylor, 1952, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 35: 748, and by lectotype designation to "Boruca, [Cantón de Buenos Aires, Provincia de Puntarenas,] Costa Rica". Type locality commented on by Savage, 1974, Rev. Biol. Tropical, 22: 81. Synonymy with Eleutherodactylus rugulosus by Savage, 1975, Copeia, 1975: 273; with Lithodytes ranoides by Dunn, 1940, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 92: 108, and Campbell and Savage, 2000, Herpetol. Monogr., 14: 264.

Eleutherodactylus ranoides — Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582-583, by implication; Noble, 1918, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 38: 327; Barbour, 1923, Occas. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, 129: 10.

Eleutherodactylus pittieri — Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582-583, by implication; Dunn, 1940, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 92: 108-109; Taylor, 1952, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 35: 748.

Hylodes ranoides — Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 431.

Hylodes pittieri — Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 435.

Craugastor ranoides — Crawford and Smith, 2005, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 35: 551, by implication; Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 360.

Craugastor (Craugastor) ranoides — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 41.

Common Names

None noted.

Distribution

Southern Atlantic lowland Nicaragua and northwestern Costa Rica through Costa Rica to extreme western Panama, exclusive of the Golfo Dulce region, sea level to 1300 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Eleutherodactylus rugulosus (but retained in the Eleutherodactylus rugulosus group and posited to be a composite of several species) by Campbell and Savage, 2000, Herpetol. Monogr., 14: 264, where it had been placed by Lynch, 1965, Herpetologica, 21: 102–113. See account by Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 251–252, who included this species in his Eleutherodactylus fitzingeri series, Eleutherodactylus rugulosus group. In the Craugastor punctariolus species series of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 42, and of Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 123. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 309. See comments by Sunyer, Páiz, Dehling, and Köhler, 2009, Herpetol. Notes, 2: 189–202, regarding Nicaraguan populations. Zumbado-Ulate and Willink, 2011, Herpetol. Rev., 42: 236, provided a record of an extant population on the Peninsula de Santa Elena, Costa Rica. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 140–191, provided a key to the genera and species of Brachycephaloidea (= Craugastoridae, Eleutherodactylidae) in Central America and provided maps and photographs of the species, including this one.

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For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
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For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.