Craugastor rhodopis (Cope, 1867)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Craugastoridae > Genus: Craugastor > Species: Craugastor rhodopis

Lithodytes rhodopis Cope, 1867 "1866", Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 18: 323. Syntypes: "Prof. Sumichrast's Collection", presumably subsequently catalogued as USNM 16557–60; USNM 16558 designated lectotype by Kellogg, 1932, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160: 113. Type locality: "Vera Cruz, at Orizava [= Orizaba] and Cordova [= Córdoba]", Veracruz, Mexico; restricted to vicinity of Orizaba [Veracruz, Mexico] by Smith and Taylor, 1948, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 194: 66, and lectotype designation. Restricted to "Orizaba", Veracruz, Mexico by Smith and Taylor, 1950, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 33: 349.

Hylodes sallaei Günther, 1869 "1868", Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868: 487. Syntypes: BMNH (2 specimens) including BMNH 1857.7.31.27 (now renumbered BM 1947.2.15.79, according to museum records) according to Kellogg, 1932, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160: 113, who in error considered it the holotype. Type locality: "Mexico" and "Vera-Paz"; restricted to vicinity of Orizaba by Smith and Taylor, 1948, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 194: 66, and to "Córdoba", Veracruz, Mexico by Smith and Taylor, 1950, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 33: 347. Synonymy by Cope, 1870 "1869", Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., 11: 164; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 203; Kellogg, 1932, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160: 113.

Hylodes (Lithodytes) rhodopis — Sumichrast, 1880, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 5: 189.

Hylodes rhodopis — Brocchi, 1881, Miss. Scient. Mex. Amer. Centr., Rech. Zool., 3(2, livr. 1): 50.

Hylodes plicatus Günther, 1900, Biol. Centr. Amer., Vol. 7, Rept. Batr., Part 156: 228. Holotype: BMNH 1901.12.19.38 according to Kellogg, 1932, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160: 114, specimen now renumbered 1947.2.15.77 according to museum records. Type locality: "Mexico, [Veracruz,] Jalapa". Provisional synonymy by Smith and Taylor, 1948, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 194: 66; Gorham, 1966, Das Tierreich, 85: 96.

Hylodes venustus Günther, 1900, Biol. Centr. Amer., Rept. Batr., Vol. 7, Part 157: 234. Holotype: BMNH 1901.12.19.37 according to Kellogg, 1932, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160: 117; now renumbered 1947.2.15.78 according to museum records. Type locality: "Mexico, [Veracruz,] Jalapa". Synonymy by Duellman, 1960, Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13: 54.

Hylodes beatae Boulenger, 1903, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, 12: 552. Syntypes: BMNH 1903.9.30.236–237 (2 specimens) according to Kellogg, 1932, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160: 104–05, these now renumbered 1947.2.15.61–62 according to museum records. Type locality: "La Perla, near Orizaba, at an altitude of 6000 feet", Veracruz, Mexico. Synonymy by Duellman, 1960, Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13: 54.

Eleutherodactylus sallaei — Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582–583, by implication.

Eleutherodactylus rhodopis — Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582–583, by implication; Noble, 1918, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 38: 327.

Eleutherodactylus beatae — Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582–583, by implication; Kellogg, 1932, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160: 92–93.

Eleutherodactylus venustus — Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582–583, by implication; Kellogg, 1932, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160: 92–93.

Syrrhophus mystaceus Barbour, 1922, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 35: 112. Holotype: MCZ 8241, by original designation. Type locality: "Jalapa, [Veracruz,] Mexico"; given as "Cerro de los Estrapajos, Vera Cruz", Mexico, by Kellogg, 1932, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160: 104, who also made the synonymy.

Eleutherodactylus dunnii Barbour, 1922, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 35: 111. Holotype: MCZ 8242, by original designation. Type locality: "Cerro de los Estrapajos, somewhat west and a little higher than the city of Jalapa, [Veracruz,] Mexico". Synonymy by Lynch, 1966, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., 69: 76–78.

Eleutherodactylus dorsoconcolor Taylor, 1941, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 27: 152. Holotype: USNM 110619, by original designation. Type locality: "Tequeyutepec, Veracruz, 5,600 feet elevation", Mexico. Synonymy by Duellman, 1960, Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 13: 54, and Lynch, 1966, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., 69: 76–78.

Eleutherodactylus (Craugastor) rhodopis — Hedges, 1989, in Woods (ed.), Biogeograph. W. Indies: 317, by implication; Lynch, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 154.

Hylodes sallei — Smith and Chiszar, 1992, Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 28: 17. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Craugastor rhodopis — Crawford and Smith, 2005, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 35: 551, by implication; Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 360.

Craugastor (Craugastor) rhodopis — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 41.

Craugastor rhodopus — Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 11. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Common Names

Polymorphic Robber Frog (Liner, 1994, Herpetol. Circ., 23: 21; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 78; Lee, 2000, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Maya World: 70; Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 11).

Distribution

Isolated high-elevation populations in Queretaro and western Veracruz and adjacent Hidalgo and Puebla; central and southeastern Chiapas and adjacent Oaxaca, Mexico, 1000–2100 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Mexico

Endemic: Mexico

Comment

Extralimital records of this species from Chiapas and Central America are based upon other forms, especially Eleutherodactylus bransfordii in Nicaragua and Costa Rica according to J.M. Savage in Frost, 1985, Amph. Species World: 317). In the Eleutherodactylus (Craugastor) rhodopis group according to Lynch, 2000, Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Exact. Fis. Nat., 24: 130, and Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 231. McCranie, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 37, summarized the departmental distribution in Honduras. In the Craugastor rhodopis species series, Craugastor rhodopis species group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 41, and of Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 123. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 309. Streicher, García-Vázquez, Ponce-Campos, Flores-Villela, Campbell, and Smith, 2014, Syst. Biodiversity, 12: 1–22, discussed the species within the framework of a revision of the Craugastor rhodopis species group. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 140–191, provided a key to the genera and species of Brachycephaloidea (= Craugastoridae, Eleutherodactylidae) in Central America and provided maps and photographs of the species, including this one. Lemos-Espinal and Dixon, 2016, Amph. Rept. Hidalgo: 362–363, provided a brief account and map for Hidalgo, Mexico. Tepos-Ramírez, Garduño-Fonseca, Peralta-Robles, García-Rubio, and Cervantes Jiménez, 2023, Check List, 19: 269–292, discussed the distribution and conservation status of the species in Queretaro, Mexico. 

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