Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Pristimantis gaigei (Dunn, 1931)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Strabomantidae > Subfamily: Pristimantinae > Genus: Pristimantis > Species: Pristimantis gaigei

Lithodytes gaigei Dunn, 1931, Occas. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5: 387. Holotype: MCZ 10011, by original designation. Type locality: "Fort Randolph, Panama Canal Zone", Panama.

Eleutherodactylus gaigei — Piatt, 1934, Am. Midl. Nat., 15: 89-91; Lynch, 1996, J. Herpetol., 30: 279.

Eleutherodactylus gaigeae — Taylor, 1952, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 35: 766. Unjustified emendation according to Dubois, 2007, Zootaxa, 1550: 67.

Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) gaigei — Lynch, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 154; Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 224.

Pristimantis gaigeae — Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Pristimantis (Pristimantis) gaigeae — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 120. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Common Names

Fort Randolph Robber Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 75).

Distribution

Atlantic drainage lowlands from extreme southeastern Costa Rica to eastern Panama and on the Pacific versant in central Colombia; populations in the river valleys of the Sinú, Cauca, and Magdalena.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama

Comment

In the Eleutherodactylus fitzingeri group, but with no close relative, according to Lynch, 1980, Herpetologica, 36: 178, who redescribed the holotype. Lynch, 1996, J. Herpetol., 30: 278-280, suggested that Taylor's (1952) emendation was unjustified, although (p. 388) Dunn explicitly associated the name with Helen Gaige. In the Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) conspicillatus series, Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus group of Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 224. Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 263-264, provided an account, discussed the spelling of the species name, and included this species in his Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus series, Eleutherodactylus gaigeae group. Brandon-Jones, Duckworth, Jenkins, Rylands, and Sarmiento, 2007, Zootaxa, 1541: 41-48, discussed reasons for why gaigei is not emendable. In the Pristimantis conspicillatus species group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 120, and Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 125. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 140–191, provided a key to the genera and species of Brachycephaloidea (= Craugastoridae, Eleutherodactylidae) in Central America and provided maps and photographs of the species, including this one. In the Pristimantis conspicillatus group, Pristimantis ramagii clade of Fouquet, Réjaud, Rodrigues, Ron, Chaparro, Osorno-Muñoz, Werneck, Hrbek, Lima, Camacho-Badani, Jaramillo-Martinez, and Chave, 2022, Syst. Biodiversity, 20(1: 2130464): 1–16, who reported on phylogenetics and biogeography.

External links:

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For access to general information see Wikipedia
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For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.