Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Pristimantis ridens (Cope, 1866)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Strabomantidae > Subfamily: Pristimantinae > Genus: Pristimantis > Species: Pristimantis ridens

Phyllobates ridens Cope, 1866, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 18: 131. Type(s): USNM, lost, according to Savage, 1981, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 94: 418. Type locality: "St. Juan River [= Río San Juan], Nicaragua".

Hypodictyon ridens — Cope, 1885 "1884", Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., 22: 383.

Syrrhopus ridens — Boulenger, 1888, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1888: 206.

Syrrhaphus ridens — Günther, 1900, Biol. Centr. Amer., Rept. Batr., Vol. 7, Part 155: 216.

Syrrhophus ridens — Noble, 1918, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 38: 326; Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 401.

Syrrhopus molinoi Barbour, 1928, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 10: 28. Holotype: MCZ 13051, by original designation. Type locality: "Barro Colorado Island, Gatun Lake, Panama Canal Zone". Synonymy by Lynch, 1980, Herpetologica, 36: 180.

Eleutherodactylus lutosus molinoi — Dunn, 1931, Occas. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5: 411.

Eleutherodactylus ridens — Taylor, 1952, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 35: 690.

Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) ridens — Lynch, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 154; Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 231.

Pristimantis ridens — Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2.

Pristimantis (Hypodictyon) ridens — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 114.

Common Names

Rio San Juan Robber Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 78).

Distribution

Atlantic lowlands of extreme eastern Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama; premontane evergreen forests of Costa Rica and Panama on both Atlantic and Pacific versants; lowlands of southwestern Costa Rica, and in the Pacific versant evergreen forests of Panama, and western Colombia (15-1800 m).

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama

Comment

In the Eleutherodactylus cruentus group, according to Savage, 1980, Prelim. Handlist Herptofauna Costa Rica: 6. In the Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) martinicensis series, Eleutherodactylus unistrigatus group according to Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 231. See accounts by Savage, 1981, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 94: 413-420, Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 269-271(who placed this species in his Eleutherodactylus martinicensis series, Eleutherodactylus cruentus group), and McCranie and Wilson, 2002, Amph. Honduras: 428-431 (who noted significant call differences among Honduran populations). Miyamoto, 1984, J. Herpetol., 18: 256-263, reported on relationships of this species if other members of the Eleutherodactylus cruentus group in Central America. McCranie, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 38, summarized the departmental distribution in Honduras. In the Pristimantis (Hypodictyon) ridens species series of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 114. In the Pristimantis ridens species group of Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 126. Wang, Crawford, and Bermingham, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 47: 992-1004, reported on molecular phylogeography. See comments by Sunyer, Páiz, Dehling, and Köhler, 2009, Herpetol. Notes, 2: 189-202, regarding Nicaraguan populations. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 140–191, provided a key to the genera and species of Brachycephaloidea (= Craugastoridae, Eleutherodactylidae) in Central America and provided maps and photographs of the species, including this one.. Sunyer, Martínez-Fonseca, Salazar-Saavedra, Galindo-Uribe, and Obando, 2014, Mesoam. Herpetol., 1: 166, provided records for the department of Chontalesr, Nicaragua. Martínez-Fonseca, Holmes, Sunyer, Westeen, Grundler, Cerda, Fernández-Mena, Loza-Molina, Monagan, Nondorf, Pandelis, and Rabosky, 2024, Check List, 20: 67, provided and discussed a record from Refugio Bartola, Departamento Río San Juan, Nicaragua, 60 m elevation.

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
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For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
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