Pristimantis vilarsi (Melin, 1941)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Strabomantidae > Subfamily: Pristimantinae > Genus: Pristimantis > Species: Pristimantis vilarsi

Eleutherodactylus vilarsi — Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582–583, by implication; Gorham, 1966, Das Tierreich, 85: 108.

Hylodes vilarsi Melin, 1941, Göteborgs K. Vetensk. Vitterh. Samh. Handl., Ser. B, 1: 45. Syntypes: NHMG 491 (2 specimens); larger specimen designated lectotype by Lynch, 1975, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 272: 10. Type locality: "Taracuá, Rio Uaupés, [Estado do Amazonas,] Brazil".

Hylodes roseus Melin, 1941, Göteborgs K. Vetensk. Vitterh. Samh. Handl., Ser. B, 1: 46. Holotype: NHMG 492, according to Duellman and Lehr, 2009, Terrest.-breeding Frogs in Peru: 253. Type locality: "Rio Uaupés (north of Rio Japú)", Brazil. Preoccupied by Hylodes roseus Boulenger, 1918. Synonymy by Lynch, 1975, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 272: 10.

Eleutherodactylus roseus — Lutz and Kloss, 1952, Mem. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 50: 646.

Eleutherodactylus brachypodius Rivero, 1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 126: 61. Holotype: MCZ 28568, by original designation. Type locality: "Upper Cunucunuma region, Territorio Amazonas . . . . either Casa de Julián or Marahuaca, 4,050 ft.", Venezuela. Synonymy by Lynch, 1975, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 272: 10.

Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus ileamazonicus Rivero, 1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 126: 63. Holotype: MCZ 30397, by original designation. Type locality: "Temiche, Mt. Marahuaca, 4056 ft., S. Venezuela". Synonymy by Lynch, 1975, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 272: 9.

Eleutherodactylus rosmelinus Gorham, 1966, Das Tierreich, 85: 96. Replacement name for Hylodes roseus Melin, 1944.

Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus guayanensis Rivero, 1968 "1967", Caribb. J. Sci., 7: 149. Syntypes: 3 specimens, labelled provisionally J.A. Rivero 33–35, presumably now in the UPRM. Type locality: "Monte Marahuaca, 4050 pies", southern Venezuela. Synonymy with Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus ileamazonicus Rivero, 1961 by Lynch, 1975, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 272: 10, who mistakenly regarded the name as a nomen nudum.

Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) vilarsi — Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 234.

Pristimantis vilarsi — Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2.

Eleutherodactylus stegolepis Schlüter and Rödder, 2007 "2006", Herpetotropicos, Mérida, 3: 90. Holotype: SMNS 8006.1, by original designation. Type locality: "Guaiquinima Tepui, Estado Bolivar, Venezuela, 5° 54′ N 63° 28′ W, 780 m elev., 'FUDECI Camp 3'". Synonymy by Kok and Barrio-Amorós, 2013, Zootaxa, 3694 : 75. 

Pristimantis stegolepis — Myers and Donnelly, 2008, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 308: 147.

Pristimantis (Pristimantis) stegolepis — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 120.

Pristimantis (Pristimantis) vilarsi — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 120.

English Names

Rio Uaupes Robber Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 80).

Distribution

Upper Amazonian northwestern Brazil, eastern Colombia, southern Venezuela, and northern Peru, 100 to 1230 m elevation.

Geographics occurrence

Natural resident: Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela

Likely/controversial occurrence in political unit: Guyana

Comment

In the Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) conspicillatus series, Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus group according to Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 234. Reviewed by Lynch, 1980, Am. Mus. Novit., 2696: 17, who provided a synonymy. Rodríguez and Duellman, 1994, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 22: 62–63, provided a brief account for the Iquitos region of northeastern Peru as Eleutherodactylus vilarsi. See brief account by Lynch, 1994, Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Exact. Fis. Nat., 19: 187–193. See comments regarding distribution of Venezuelan population by Gorzula and Señaris, 1999 "1998", Scient. Guaianae, 8: 54. Discussed and redescribed by Barrio-Amorós and Molina, 2006, Zootaxa, 1302: 1–20. In the Pristimantis conspicillatus species group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 120, and Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 125. Heyer and Barrio-Amorós, 2009, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 122: 282–291, described the advertisement call. See Duellman and Lehr, 2009, Terrest.-breeding Frogs in Peru: 253–254, for brief account. Moraes, Almeida, Fraga, Rojas-Zamora, Pirani, Silva, Carvalho, Gordo, and Werneck, 2017, ZooKeys, 715: 103–159, reported on specimens of Pristimantis cf vilarsi from the Serra da Mocidade, state of Roraima, northern Brazil. See Barrio-Amorós, Rojas-Runjaic, and Señaris, 2019, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 13 (1: e180): 129, for comments on range and literature. Araujo de Oliveira, Silva, Guimarães, Penhacek, Martínez, Rodrigues, Santana, and Hernández-Ruz, 2020, PLoS One, 15 (3: e0229971): 1–28, reported on the advertisement call. In the Pristimantis conspicillatus group, Pristimantis vilarsi clade of Fouquet, Réjaud, Rodrigues, Ron, Chaparro, Osorno-Muñoz, Werneck, Hrbek, Lima, Camacho-Badani, Jaramillo-Martinez, and Chave, 2022, Syst. Biodiversity, 20(1: 2130464): 1–16, who reported on phylogenetics and biogeography, and implied that the nominal species is composed of at least eight lineage-species.

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