Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Bufo andrewsi Schmidt, 1925

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Bufo > Species: Bufo andrewsi

Bufo andrewsi Schmidt, 1925, Am. Mus. Novit., 175: 1. Holotype: AMNH 5769, by original designation. Type locality: "Likiang, 8500 feet altitude, Yunnan [Province]", China.

Bufo bufo wrighti Schmidt and Liu, 1940, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 24: 151. Holotype: FMNH 16829, by original designation. Type locality: "Ho Ni Pa, thirty miles southeast of Moupin [= Baoxing County], Hsikang [now Sichuan]", China. Synonymy with Bufo andrewsi by Matsui, 1986, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, Chengdu, N.S.,, 5 (1): 48.

Bufo bufo andrewsi — Liu, 1950, Fieldiana, Zool. Mem., 2: 202.

Bufo wrighti — Inger, 1972, in Blair (ed.), Evol. Genus Bufo: 107.

Bufo andrewsi — Hu, Jiang, and Tian, 1984, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, Chengdu, N.S.,, 3 (1): 77–85. Resurrection from synonymy of Bufo bufo.

Bufo gargarizans andrewsi — Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 18; Ye and Fei, 1994, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, 3: 26–29; Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 132.

Bufo wolongensis Herrmann and Kühnel, 1997, Sauria, Berlin, 19: 32. Holotype: NHMW 35433: 1, by original designation. Type locality: "Wolong, ca. 4 km östlichfg Sauwan bei der Panda-Forschungsstation, Ufer des Pitiao Flusses, 1400 m NN (103° N, 31° E)", Sichuan, China. Synonymy with Bufo gargarizans andrewsi by Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 2: 523.

Bufo kabischi Herrmann and Kühnel, 1997, Sauria, Berlin, 19: 35. Holotype: NHMW 35434.1, by original designation. Type locality: "Wolong, ca. 2 km südlich von Sauwan bei der Panda-Forschungsstation, Nordhang des montanen Waldes, 1800 m NN (103° N, 31° E)", Sichuan, China. Synonymy with Bufo gargarizans andrewsi by Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 2: 523.

Bufo (Bufo) gargarizans andrewsi — Dubois and Bour, 2010, Zootaxa, 2447: 24.

Bufo (Bufo) kabischi — Dubois and Bour, 2010, Zootaxa, 2447: 24.

Bufo (Bufo) wolongensis — Dubois and Bour, 2010, Zootaxa, 2447: 24.

Common Names

Andrew's Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 40).

West China Toad (Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 132).

West China Toad (Bufo gargarizans andrewsi: Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 248).

Distribution

Central Yunnan east through southeastern Yunnan to western and northern Guangxi, Guizhou, western Hunan, Chongqing and western Hubei to southern Shaanxi and west, presumably through southern Gansu, to central Sichuan, China; presumably to be found in extreme northern Myanmar.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: China, People's Republic of

Likely/Controversially Present: Myanmar

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Bufo gargarizans by Othman, Litvinchuk, Maslova, Dahn, Messenger, Andersen, Jowers, Kojima, Skorinov, Yasumiba, Chuang, Chen, Bae, Hoti, Jang, and Borzée, 2022, eLife, 11(e70494): 23, where it had been placed by Fu, Weadick, Zeng, Wang, Liu, Zheng, Li, and Hu, 2005, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 37: 202. Bufo andrewsi was previously resurrected from the synonymy of Bufo bufo by Hu, Jiang, and Tian, 1984, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, Chengdu, N.S.,, 3 (1): 77–85; also recognized as tentatively distinct by Matsui, 1986, Copeia, 1986: 561–579. See account of Bufo andrewsi by Inger, Zhao, Shaffer, and Wu, 1990, Fieldiana, Zool., N.S., 58: 8, who noted problems in diagnosing Bufo gargarizans popei from Bufo andrewsi. Macey, Schulte, Larson, Fang, Wang, Tuniyev, and Papenfuss, 1998, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 9: 80–87, suggested that Bufo andrewsi was not particularly closely related to Bufo gargarizans. Orlov, Murphy, Ananjeva, Ryabov, and Ho, 2002, Russ. J. Herpetol., 9: 85, doubted reports (published?) of Bufo andrewsi from Vietnam, presuming them to be based on misidentified Bufo cryptotympanicus, although there are records close to the Vietnam border in southeastern Yunnan, China. See comment under Bufo gargarizans for additional literature, some of which may have treated this species as part of that one. Li, 2011, Amph. Rept. Guangdong: 34–35, provided a brief account and photograph for Bufo gargarizans andrewsi for Guangdong, China. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 248–249, provided an account (as Bufo gargarizans andrewsi, photograph, and range map for China. Yao and Gong, 2012, Amph. Rept. Gansu: 37–41, provided a brief account and photograph. Zhang, 2017, Amph. Rept. Fanjing Mts.: 86–94, provided taxonomic and natural history information (as Bufo gargarizans andrewsi) for the Fanjing Mountains population in northeastern Guizhou, China. Dufresnes and Litvinchuk, 2022, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 195: 699, supported the distinction of Bufo andrewsi from Bufo gargarizans on genetic grounds, and noted that this Chinese species is most closely related to the Japanese members of the complex. Jiang, Zhao, Luan, and Liao, 2022, Biology, 11 (1766): 1–14, reported on geographic variation in body size with respect to environmental variables in the Hengduan Mountains of western China. Zhang, Jiang, Zhao, and Liao, 2023, Asian Herpetol. Res., 14: 95–102, reported on comparative morphological geographic variation of males and females.

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For additional information specific to China see Amphibia China