Bufo minshanicus Stejneger, 1926

English Names

Gansu Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 42).

Minshan Toad (Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 136).

Distribution

Eastern Qinghai, southern Gansu, to north-central Sichuan and southern Ningxia, China. See comment. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: China, People's Republic of

Endemic: China, People's Republic of

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Bufo gargarizans by Othman, Litvinchuk, Maslova, Dahn, Messenger, Andersen, Jowers, Kojima, Skorinov, Yasumiba, Chuang, Chen, Bae, Hoti, Jang, and Borzée, 2022, eLife, 11(e70494): 4, where it had been placed by Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 163, and Dufresnes and Litvinchuk, 2022, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 195: 700. See comment under Bufo gargarizans for access to additional literature, some of which may apply to this species under the name Bufo gargarizans. Macey, Schulte, Larson, Fang, Wang, Tuniyev, and Papenfuss, 1998, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 9: 80–87, suggested on the basis of molecular evidence that Bufo minshanicus is nested phylogenetically within populations of Bufo gargarizans, supporting the possibility suggested by Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 163, that Bufo minshanicus is conspecific with Bufo gargarizans. Bufo minshanicus regarded by Yang, 1983, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, Chengdu, N.S.,, 2 (2): 1–9, as a distinct species. Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 136–137, provided a brief account (as Bufo gargarizans minshanicus), map, and figure. Fei and Ye, 2001, Color Handbook Amph. Sichuan: 152, provided a brief account and illustration (as Bufo gargarizans minshanicus). Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 228–229 (as Bufo gargarizans minshanicus), provided a brief account including photographs of specimens and habitat. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 252, proided a photograph and range map for China (as Bufo gargarizans minshanicus). Yao and Gong, 2012, Amph. Rept. Gansu: 37–41, provided a brief account and photograph. Yu, Wang, Vasconcellos, and Li, 2021, J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res., 59: 2180-2188, reported on the evolution (as Bufo minshanicus) of sexual dimorphism on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Othman, Litvinchuk, Maslova, Dahn, Messenger, Andersen, Jowers, Kojima, Skorinov, Yasumiba, Chuang, Chen, Bae, Hoti, Jang, and Borzée, 2022, eLife, 11(e70494): 4, discussed the evidentiary ambiguity of recognizing this taxon, retained here because of that ambiguity. Dufresnes and Litvinchuk, 2022, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 195: 700, regarded Bufo minshanicus as a synonym of Bufo gargarizans on the basis of low genetic distance, but is retained here inasmuch no one has evaluated the contact zone. 

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

• For access to general information see Wikipedia
• For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
• For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
• For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
• To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
• For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
• For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
• For additional information specific to China see Amphibia China
• For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.