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Incilius ibarrai (Stuart, 1954)
Bufo ibarrai Stuart, 1954, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 67: 162. Holotype: UMMZ 108000, by original designation. Type locality: "Oak-pine zone at Aserradero San Lorenzo (about 12 air-line kilometers slightly east of north of Jalapa), Department of Jalapa, Guatemala. Elevation, 1725 m."
Cranopsis ibarrai — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 364.
Ollotis ibarrai — Frost, Grant, and Mendelson, 2006, Copeia, 2006: 558, by implication.
Incilius ibarrai — Frost, Mendelson, and Pramuk, 2009, Copeia, 2009: 418–419, by implication.
English Names
Jalapa Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 42).
Distribution
Wet forests at moderate and intermediate (1360–1980 m) elevations of the central and southern highlands of Guatemala and contiguous Honduras.
Geographic Occurrence
Natural Resident: Guatemala, Honduras
Comment
Mendelson, 2001, Mesoam. Herpetol.: 10–19, discussed previous misidentifications and restricted the distribution to Guatemala. In the former Bufo coccifer complex of Mendelson, Williams, Sheil, and Mulcahy, 2005, Sci. Pap. Nat. Hist. Mus. Univ. Kansas, 38: 13–15, who provided an account. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as Bufo ibarrai) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 185. Mendelson, Mulcahy, Williams, and Sites, 2011, Zootaxa, 3138: 1–34, suggested that this species is a members in an a monophyletic Incilius coccifer group that includes Incilius coccifer, Incilius cycladen, Incilius ibarrai, Incilius pisinnus, Incilius porteri, and Incilius signifer. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 104–115, compared this species to others in Central America and provided a range map and photograph. Firneno and Townsend, 2019, Zool. Scripta, 48: 454–465, reported on genetics, range, and relationship to Incilius porteri and Incilius coccifer. Firneno, O'Neill, Portik, Emery, Townsend, and Fujita, 2020, Mol. Ecol., 29: 3543–3559, discussed incomplete lineage sorting and mtDNA/nuDNA discordance in the Incilius coccifer complex (Incilius coccifer, Incilius porteri, and Incilius ibarrai). See also Streicher and Day, 2020, Mol. Ecol., 29: 3400–3402, who commented on that paper and the issues it raised.
External links:
Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.
- For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
- For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
- For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
- For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist
- For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.