Incilius spiculatus (Mendelson, 1997)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Incilius > Species: Incilius spiculatus

Bufo spiculatus Mendelson, 1997, Herpetologica, 53: 268. Holotype: KU 137523, by original designation. Type locality: "2.8 km S Vista Hermosa, Oaxaca, Mexico, 1570 m (17° 43′ N, 96° 22′ W)".

Cranopsis spiculataFrost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 364.

Ollotis spiculataFrost, Grant, and Mendelson, 2006, Copeia, 2006: 558, by implication.

Incilius spiculatusFrost, Mendelson, and Pramuk, 2009, Copeia, 2009: 418-419, by implication.

Common Names

Spiculate Toad (Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 18).

Distribution

Cloud forest on the northern slopes of the Sierra de Juarez and the adjacent Sierra Mixe, Oaxaca, Mexico.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Mexico

Endemic: Mexico

Comment

Similar to Incilius cavifrons (as Bufo) according to the original publication. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as Bufo spiculatus) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 191. Mendelson, Mulcahy, Williams, and Sites, 2011, Zootaxa, 3138: 1-34, suggested that this species is a member of a monophyletic Incilius valliceps group and in a subgroup they referred to as the Forest Group (the name Incilius cristatus subgroup is available—DRF) that includes Incilius aucoinae, Incilius cavifrons, Incilius campbelli, Incilius cristatus, Incilius leucomoyos, Incilius macrocristatus, Incilius melanochlorus, Incilius spiculatus, and Incilius tutelariusOliver-López, Woolrich-Piña, and Lemos-Espinal, 2009, Fam. Bufonidae Mex.: 91–93, provided an account for Mexico (as Ollotis spiculata). Arreortúa, Flores de Anda, Simón-Salvador, Santiago-Dionicio, and González-Bernal, 2021, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 15 (2: e281): 31–39, described larval morphology and provided natural history notes. 

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