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Incilius spiculatus (Mendelson, 1997)
Bufo spiculatus Mendelson, 1997, Herpetologica, 53: 268. Holotype: KU 137523, by original designation. Type locality: "2.8 km S Vista Hermosa, Oaxaca, Mexico, 1570 m (17° 43′ N, 96° 22′ W)".
Cranopsis spiculata — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 364.
Ollotis spiculata — Frost, Grant, and Mendelson, 2006, Copeia, 2006: 558, by implication.
Incilius spiculatus — Frost, Mendelson, and Pramuk, 2009, Copeia, 2009: 418-419, by implication.
Common Names
Spiculate Toad (Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 18).
Distribution
Cloud forest on the northern slopes of the Sierra de Juarez and the adjacent Sierra Mixe, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Geographic Occurrence
Natural Resident: Mexico
Endemic: Mexico
Comment
Similar to Incilius cavifrons (as Bufo) according to the original publication. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as Bufo spiculatus) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 191. Mendelson, Mulcahy, Williams, and Sites, 2011, Zootaxa, 3138: 1-34, suggested that this species is a member of a monophyletic Incilius valliceps group and in a subgroup they referred to as the Forest Group (the name Incilius cristatus subgroup is available—DRF) that includes Incilius aucoinae, Incilius cavifrons, Incilius campbelli, Incilius cristatus, Incilius leucomoyos, Incilius macrocristatus, Incilius melanochlorus, Incilius spiculatus, and Incilius tutelarius. Oliver-López, Woolrich-Piña, and Lemos-Espinal, 2009, Fam. Bufonidae Mex.: 91–93, provided an account for Mexico (as Ollotis spiculata). Arreortúa, Flores de Anda, Simón-Salvador, Santiago-Dionicio, and González-Bernal, 2021, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 15 (2: e281): 31–39, described larval morphology and provided natural history notes.
External links:
Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.
- For access to general information see Wikipedia
- For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
- For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
- For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
- For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
- For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.