Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Leptophryne cruentata (Tschudi, 1838)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Leptophryne > Species: Leptophryne cruentata

Bufo cruentatus Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 52. Syntypes: RMNH 2130 (2 specimens) according to M.S. Hoogmoed In Inger, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 67; Given as RMNH 2130-31 by Gassó Miracle, van den Hoek Ostende, and Arntzen, 2007, Zootaxa, 1482: 32, who noted that 2131 could not be located. Type locality: "India orient."; given as Java [Indonesia] by Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 8: 666; Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 43, noted that the types came from Cibodas, Java, Indonesia.

Leptophryne cruentata — Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept.: 42.

Bufo montanus Werner, 1897, Zool. Anz., 20: 265. Holotype: NHMW 22864, according to Häupl and Tiedemann, 1978, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 2: 14, and Häupl, Tiedemann, and Grillitsch, 1994, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 9: 18. Type locality: "Tijibodas (Java)", Indonesia. Synonymy by Van Kampen, 1923, Amph. Indo-Austral. Arch.: 78.

Cacophryne cruentata — Brongersma, 1935, Zool. Meded., Leiden, 18: 257-259.

English Names

Indonesia Tree Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 44).

Bleeding Toad (Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 43).

Fire Toad (Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 43).

Distribution

Known only from Mount Pangrango, Mount Gedeh, and Curug Luhur, Jawa Barat, Java, Indonesia, 1000–2000 m elevation.

Comment

See comment under Leptophryne borbonica. See accounts by Liem, 1973 "1971", Philipp. J. Sci., 100: 137 (as Cacophryne cruentata), and Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 43–44. See identification table by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 26, to compare this species with others in the Sunda Shelf region. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 195. Chan and Grismer, 2019, BMC Evol. Biol., 19(95): 3, suggested that the sequence divergence between this species and Leptophryne javanica is so low (below 5%) that they may be conspecific.

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.