Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Cycloramphus parvulus (Girard, 1853)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Cycloramphidae > Genus: Cycloramphus > Species: Cycloramphus parvulus

Cystignathus parvulus Girard, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 6: 422. Type(s): Not stated; presumably originally in USNM or ANSP, but not reported on recent type lists so apparently lost. Type locality: "Rio de Janeiro, Brazil".

Zachaenus parvulus — Cope, 1866, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, 6: 94; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 257; Cochran, 1955 "1954", Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 206: 358

Oocormus microps Boulenger, 1905, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 7, 16: 181. Syntypes: BMNH (4 specimens), by original designation. Type locality: "Organ Mountains, Brazil". Rendered as "Terezópolis ('Organ Mountains'), Rio de Janeiro", Brazil by Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 78. Synonymy by Lutz, 1944, Bol. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, N.S., Zool., 17: 42.

Ceratophrys fusciventris Lutz, 1926, C. R. Mém. Hebd. Séances Soc. Biol. Filial., Paris, 95 (1926, vol. 2): 1012. Syntypes: Not stated, presumably originally in IOC although Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 38, considered USNM 96313 a syntype. Type locality: "la montagne nommée Tijuca, près Rio [de Janeiro] à une altitude de 600 mètres au-dessus du niveau de la mer", Brazil. Synonymy by Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 38; Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 26.

Leptodactylus parvulus — Lutz, 1932, C. R. Mém. Hebd. Séances Soc. Biol. Filial., Paris, 109 (1932, vol. 1): 755.

Cycloramphus parvulus — Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 179.

English Names

Girard's Frog (Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 93; Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 93).

Rio Bug-eyed Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 85).

Distribution

Extreme eastern São Paulo to central Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Serra da Torres, Espíritu Santo, Brazil.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil

Endemic: Brazil

Comment

Izecksohn and Carvalho-e-Silva, 2001, Anf. Municipio Rio de Janeiro: 90, provided a brief account and photo. Verdade, Cassimiro, and Rodrigues, 2009, Check List, 5: 755-758, provided a spot-map of the range. Oliveira, Coco, Pagotto, Pralon, Vrcibradic, Pombal, and Rocha, 2012, Check List, 8: 242-244, provided a record for Espíritu Santo, Brazil, and commented on the range. Forti, Haddad, Leite, Drummond, Assis, Crivellari, Mello, Garcia, Zornosa-Torres, and Toledo, 2019, PeerJ, 7(e7612): 1–39, reported on advertisement call.

External links:

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For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.