Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Fejervarya kawamurai Tjong, Matsui, Kuramoto, Nishioka, and Sumida, 2011

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Dicroglossidae > Subfamily: Dicroglossinae > Genus: Fejervarya > Species: Fejervarya kawamurai

Fejervarya kawamurai Tjong, Matsui, Kuramoto, Nishioka, and Sumida, 2011, Zool. Sci., Tokyo, 28: 923. Holotype: IABHU - F2184, by original designation. Type locality: "paddy field around 2 km from Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima-shi, Hiroshima Prefecture, western Honshu, Japan (34° 23′ N, 132° 42′ E, alt. 200 m a.s.l)".

Common Names

Marsh Frog (Goris and Maeda, 2004, Guide Amph. Rept. Japan: 72, as Fejervarya limnocharis).

Rice Paddy Frog (Borzée, 2024, Continental NE Asian Amph.: 139).

Distribution

Japan: Honshu, from Kanagawa Prefecture and westwards, Shikoku, Kyushu, Amami and Okinawa Island groups of the central Ryukyus; provisionally throughout northern and central China to at least Yunnan, Guangdong, Zhejiang, and western Taiwan; apparently introduced into Kanto District of Honshu and Tsushima Island, Japan. See comment.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: China, People's Republic of, Japan, Taiwan

Introduced: Japan

Comment

Most closely related to Fejervarya sakishimensis according to the original publication and previously referred to Fejervarya limnocharis, a species, with the description of Fejervarya kawamurai, does not occur in Japan. The assignments of the populations of Taiwan and northern and central China was discussed in the original publication. Maeda and Matsui, 1990, Frogs Toads Japan, Ed. 2: 108-111, provided account for Japan as Fejevarya limnocharis. Sumida, Kondo, Kanamori, and Nishioka, 2002, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 25: 293-305, reported on mtDNA phylogenetic study of populations within Japan and Taiwan (as Fejervarya limnocharis). Goris and Maeda, 2004, Guide Amph. Rept. Japan: 72-74, provided an account for Japan, map, and photograph, as Fejervarya limnocharis. Tjong, Matsui, Kuramoto, Belabut, Sen, Nishioka, and Sumida, 2007, Zool. Sci., Tokyo, 24: 1197-1212, had suggested on the basis of morphological similarity that Fejervarya multistriata is conspecific (albeit a distinct subspecies; but see account under that species) of nominal Fejervarya limnocharis and that the Japanese population (now Fejervarya kawamurai) represents a distinct species. Chinese population (as Rana limnocharis; presumably representing both Fejervarya multistriata and Fejervarya kawamurai) reviewed by Liu, 1950, Fieldiana, Zool. Mem., 2: 315-318, and Pope, 1931, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 61: 491-495. See account by Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China: 249. Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 182-183, provided a brief account of China population, map, and figure, covering both Fejervarya multistriata and Fejervarya kawamurai as Rana limnocharis. Fei and Ye, 2001, Color Handbook Amph. Sichuan: 179, provided a brief account and illustration, covering both Fejervarya multistriata and Fejervarya kawamurai as Rana limnocharis. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2009, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 3: 1310-1319, provided an account as Fejervarya limnocharis for China, figures, and map, presumably covering both Fejervarya kawamurai and Fejervarya multistriata. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 350-351 (as Fejervarya multistriata, but presumably covering Chinese populations of Fejervarya kawamurai as well), provided a brief account including photographs of specimens and habitat. Li, Zhao, and Dong, 2010, Amph. Rept. Tibet: 47-48, provided an account as Fejervarya limnocharis for Xizang, China, presumably assignable to this species. Yang, Wo, Shao, Liao, Tong, Brown, and Jin, 2022, Asian Herpetol. Res., 13: 232–241, suggested on the basis of two mtDNA loci and 8 nuDNA loci that nominal Fejervarya kawamurai is composed of two lineages, (1) one corresponding to the Zhoushan Archipelago, Zhejiang, China and Japan, and the other (2) from most parts of Chinese mainland. Takahashi and Sakyo, 2024, Nat. Hist. Rep. Kanagawa, 45: 31–37, discussed the possible introduction to various sites in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Borzée, 2024, Continental NE Asian Amph.: 139–144, provided a detailed account (distribution including a polygon map, habitat, ecology, conservation, photos of larvae and adults, identification tools) for northeastern Asia.

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For additional information specific to China see Amphibia China
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.